高二英语语法复习第十章非谓语动词讲解
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高中英语语法复习非谓语动词讲解,概述:谓语动词:在句子从充当谓语的动词.Iamplayingthepianonow.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分。非谓存在的条件:一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.,分类:非谓语动词动词不定式todo动名词-ing分词现在分词-ing过去分词-ed,分类:,分类:,分类:,分类:,分类:非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.2.Iwanttoseeyou.3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.4.Myhopeistoseeyou.5.Heisthemantoseeyou.6.I’mgladtoseeyou.7.Iwenttoseeyou.8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作定语)(作原因状语)(作目的状语)(作结果状语),分类:1.Swimmingishisfavouritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.4.Hisfavouritesportisswimming.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作定语)(作状语),分类:1.Thiscupisbroken.2.Thisisabrokencup.3.Ifoundthecupbroken.4.BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.(作表语)(作定语)(作宾语补足语)(作状语),分词用法的区别:-ing和-edA.在时态上1.Chinaisadevelopingcountry=acountrywhichisdeveloping.2.Japanisadevelopedcountry=acountrywhichhasdeveloped.3.Ifoundhimgone.=thathehadgone.(表完成)ing分词表“进行”ed分词表“完成”,分词用法的区别:-ing和-ed▲B.在语态上,ing分词表“主动”,ed分词表“被动”(多为及物动词)1.Isawhimwritingashortnovel.(主动写)2.HewasreadinganovelwrittenbyCharlesDickens.(被写)▲在概念上,ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”.*Swimming(抽象)ismyfavouritesportandIlikeswimming(习惯)everyday,butIdon’tliketoswim(具体)today,Iwouldliketoswim(将来)tomorrow.,分词用法的区别:-ing和-edC.▲ed+主句(不强调时间先后);BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.Beinged+主句(强调主句和从句动作同时发生);Beingpunishedbyherteacher,shewasunhappy.Havingbeened+主句(强调时间先后)Afterhavingbeeninterviewed,shewasofferedthejob.,常考固定搭配:下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语:admit,report,appreciate感激,deny否认,explain,mention,resist抵抗,stand,stop,imagine,recall,suggest,mind,finish,enjoy,keep,practise,miss,avoid,delay,excuse,escape,consider,advise等。下列动词常用不定式todo作宾语:aim,ask,dare,appear,arrange,demand,help,hesitate,pay,plan,wait,fail,seek,prepare,happen,prove,expect,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree,choose,promise,pretend,manage,care,determine,afford等。,汉语意思英文搭配1请求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.2恳求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.3邀请某人干某事____________sb.todosth.4叫某人做某事____________sb.todosth.5提醒某人做某事____________sb.todosth.6鼓励某人做某事____________sb.todosth.7激励某人做某事____________sb.todosth.8敦促某人做某事____________sb.todosth.askbeginvitetellremindencourageinspireurge,汉语意思英文搭配9要求某人做某事____________sb.todosth.10建议某人做某事____________sb.todosth.11说服某人做某事____________sb.todosth.12指派某人做某事____________sb.todosth.13导致某人做某事____________sb.todosth.14强迫某人做某事____________sb.todosth.15答应某人做某事____________sb.todosth.16警告某人做某事____________sb.todosth.require/requestadviseconvince/persuadeappointcauseforcepromisewarn,汉语意思英文搭配17允许某人做某事____________sb.todosth.18禁止某人做某事____________sb.todosth.19希望某人做某事____________sb.todosth.20想要某人做某事____________sb.todosth.21建议某人做某事____________sb.todosth.22说服某人做某事____________sb.todosth.wouldlike/wantwaitforallow/permitforbid/prohibitwish/desire/expectcallon,常考固定搭配:,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空:1)Theywereexpecting____(get)theresultsoftheexamination.2)Willyouadvisemewhichofthem____(buy)?3)Onthebustheyoungmanpretended____(notsee)theoldwomanstandingbesidehim.togettobuynottosee,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空:4)WeallconsiderJohn_____(be)anhonestboy.5)Ourbossforbids_____(chat)duringofficehours.6)Therulesdonotpermitplayers____(step)outofbounds.7)Theboybeggedtopermithim____(explain).8)Theyoungmanimagined_____(live)onalonelyisland.tobechattingtosteptoexplaintolive,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空:9)Sheenjoys______(practise)_______(dance)beforethelargemirror.10)Bytakingthebackway,heescaped______(see).11)I’dprefer______(stay)herewaitingforhisarrival.12)Asthemeetingwasbeginning,weallstopped____(talk).practisingdancingseeingstayingtalking,即时巩固练习⑴用所给动词的todo或~doing形式填空:13)ThiskindofcarisnicebutIcan’tafford___(buy)one.14)I’msorryIforgot____(tell)youaboutthemeeting.15)Shetried____(comfort)mebysayingsomefunnythings16)Goingonwaitingheremeans____(waste)ourtime.17)Theywenton____(work)inthefieldsinspiteoftheheavyrain.tobuytotelltocomfortwastingworking,分词用法的区别:-ing和-ed-ing--------sth-ed--------sb,即时巩固练习(2)用所给动词的-ing或-ed形式填空:1)Thejourneywasquite______.(tire)2)Thestoryisvery________.Weare_______init.(interest)3、Theresultoftheexammademe_________.(disappoint)4)Thiswasreallyan_______moment.(excite)5)The___________boycouldn'tbelievehisears.(astonish)6)Itwasa______story.Wedidn'twanttolistenagain.(bore)7)Heseemedquite_______attheidea.(delight)8)Theproblemwasquite________.(press)9)Thepresentsituationis_________.(encourage)10)Iwas_______atwhatshesaid.(puzzle)tiringinterestinginteresteddisappointedexcitingastonishedboringdelightedpressingencouragingpuzzled,做题技巧:,即时巩固练习(3)用正确的非谓形式填空:1)Theman__________(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy.2)Aman_______(respect)otherswillberespected.3)shecanfindnoone_______(make)friendswith.4)Isthereanybody_______(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests_______(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.6)Thematter_________(discuss)isveryimportant.7)Shewasthenaprofessor_______(love)byallherstudents.8)Withmuchmoney________(spend),theboyformedabadhabit.由于花了许多钱,男生养成了坏毛病9)Withmuchmoneytobespent,shedanceswithjoy.由于有许多钱将要被花,她高兴得跳舞questionedrespectingtomakeansweringinvitedtobediscussedlovedspent,非谓语动词的常用句型::在thefirst,thesecond…,thelast和only之后,只能用todo*Ittakes+时间+todo…花费时间做某事*…spend/waste+时间金钱+doing…花费时间金钱做某事*…hadbetter+do….最好做*…wouldrather+do…thando….宁愿做,而不做*…prefer+todo(ratherthando)….更喜欢做*It'snouse/good+doing…做什么是无用的*It'sawasteoftime+doing…做什么是浪费时间的*…beworth+doing…./beworthyof+beingdone值得做,非谓语动词的常用句型::*It'sworthwhile+doing值得做*Wouldyoumind+doing...?你介意做...*Wouldyoulike/care+todo...?你想要做...*...havenochoicebut+todo..../..,donothingbut+do没有选择,只能做...*...too...+todo太...而不能做*...beusedto+doing(习惯做)*...havesb+do/havesb(sth)+doing让某人做某事havesth+done让某事被做*...happened+todo发生了什么,即时巩固练习(4)用正确的非谓形式填空:1)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_________(exhaust).2)Generally______(speak),When_____(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.3)Though_______(lack)money,hisparentsmanaged______(send)himtouniversity.4)Withalotofdifficultproblems__________(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.5)Sandycoulddonothingbut______(admit)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.exhaustedspeakingtakenlackingtosendtobesettledadmit,4)Withalotofdifficultproblems__tobesettled_(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.由于有许多难题将要被解决,这个新选的总统正在度过一个艰难时期。(tobedone将要被做)Withalotofdifficultproblemssettled,thenewly-electedpresidentfeelsgreatrelieved.由于有许多难题被解决了,新选的总统感觉十分放松/宽慰。(V-ed过去分词这里表示被动,并且是已经完成了的动作)注意:语境不一样,答案也会有所变化。
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高二英语语法复习第十章非谓语动词讲解