2022年中考英语专题复习:句法 专项练习题精选汇编(含答案解析)
ID:63146 2021-11-16 1 8.88元 17页 32.44 KB
已阅读10 页,剩余7页需下载查看
下载需要8.88元
免费下载这份资料?立即下载
2022年中考英语专题复习:句法专项练习题精选汇编一.选择题1.Thegirl_______offthehorse.Luckily,shedidn'thurtmuch.(  )A.fallsB.fellC.isfallingD.willfall2.﹣HasAlicearrivedyet?﹣No,hercarbrokedownontheway.I'mafraidshethemeeting.(  )A.missesB.missedC.willmissD.ismissing3.Youareabigbeautifulbird!(  )A.becameB.becomeC.becoming4.Everyoneinmyclass____carefullywhenatallboysneezedloudly.(  )A.islisteningB.waslisteningC.arelisteningD.werelistening5.Lookatthestamps.I______themforfiveyears.(  )A.KeptB.havekeptC.haveboughtD.bought6.﹣Didyouhearmecallyournamejustnow?﹣No.I_______tomymomonthephone.(  )A.talkB.talkedC.havetalkedD.wastalking7.Hesaidthatlight_____muchfasterthansound.(  )A.hastraveledB.travelC.travelsD.traveled8.I______abighouseformyfamilyifI______alotofmoney.(  )第17页共17页,A.wouldbuy;hadB.wouldbuy;haveC.willbuy;hadD.bought,had9.﹣After1000﹣daywaiting,MengWanzhoufinallyreturnedtoourmotherland.﹣Howexcited!OurcountryismuchmorepowerfulandChinese_____inmanyforeigncountries.(  )A.istaughtB.aretaughtC.areteaching10.Intheyearof2020,eachofusbythepeoplelikeZhongNanshanandLiLanjuanwhotaughtushowtofightagainstthedifficultiesinlifewithastrongwill.(  )A.weregreatlyencouragedB.greatlyencouragesC.greatlyencouragedD.wasgreatlyencouraged11.—Ahigh﹣speedrailwayinourhometownbefore2020.—Whatexcitingnews!Willitpassyourhouse?(  )A.isbuildingB.willbuildC.havebeenbuiltD.willbebuilt12.Moredinosaurfossils(化石),includingfootprints,bonesoreggs,could________inthefuture.(  )A.discoverB.bediscoveredC.havediscoveredD.bediscovering13.Therestaurantdownthestreet_________sincetheownerofit______toanotherprovince.(  )A.hasclosed;moved第17页共17页,B.hasbeenclosed;movedC.hasclosed;hasmoved14.By the time the fireman arrivedthere,the big fire______.(  )A.had been put upB.had been put outC.had put offD.had put down15.Hecan'trememberhowmanytimesheneedsto____of_____lateforschool.(  )A.remind;notbeingB.bereminded;notbeingC.remind;nottobeD.bereminded;nottobe16.﹣﹣Whichisthesentencepatternof"Itisrainingheavily"?﹣﹣________.(  )A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+VD.S+V+O+OC17.Themotherisreadingastorytoheryoungchildren.(  )A.表语B.谓语C.宾语D.定语18.Mydogisreallycute,andIlikeitverymuch.(  )A.表语B.谓语C.宾语D.状语19.Iwanttocallyoubutmyphoneisn'tworking.(  )A.表语B.状语C.主语D.宾语20.Jennywantstoenjoythestorytellingclub.划线部分是做(  )A.宾语B.定语C.宾语补足语21.Mygrandmaoftentellsmestoriesatnight.划线部分在句子中做(  )A.宾语B.表语C.状语第17页共17页,22.—IsthereanoldtreeinJinciTemple?—Yes.______,ithasbeenthereformorethan3000years.(  )A.OnceuponatimeB.IntheendC.AsfarasIknow23.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?(  )A.ShehasleftXuzhouforaweek.B.Shehopesmetobeadoctor.C.Sheaskedmewhytochoosethebook.D.ShemovedtoXuzhoutwoyearsago.24.下列句子是"主语+系动词+表语"结构的是(  )A.Heislikeafathertome.B.Ithinkit'shealthy.C.Thiskindofpenssellswell.25.Thestructure(结构)ofthesentence"Ineedyourhelp."is_________.A.S+VB.S+V+OC.S+V+P26.Allthevolunteersthoughtheragoodhelper.Thesentencetypeis.(  )A.S+V+PB.S+V+DO+OCC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO27.Thesentencepatternof"WemakeQingyangCitybeautiful."is________.(  )A.S+V+OB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC28.﹣_______abirthdaycakeonyourtable?﹣Yes,______.(  )A.Isthere,thereisB.Isthere,itisC.Isit,thereisD.Isit,isit第17页共17页,29.Finishingthispaperneedsbeingverycareful.Butdon'tworry.relaxed,andyouwillbesuretocomethroughitwithgoodpreparations.(  )A.BeingB.TobeC.Be30.interestingthefilmis!(  )A.WhatB.HowC.Whatan第17页共17页,参考答案与试题解析一.选择题1.Thegirl_______offthehorse.Luckily,shedidn'thurtmuch.(  )A.fallsB.fellC.isfallingD.willfall【分析】那个女孩从马上摔了下来。幸运的是,她伤的不严重。【解答】falls一般现在时,第三人称单数形式;fell一般过去时,过去式;isfalling现在进行时;willfall一般将来时。根据语境,可知句意为那个女孩从马上摔了下来。幸运的是,她伤的不严重,后文句子的时态是一般过去时,因此应用一般过去时。故选:B。【点评】掌握时态的概念和用法,结合语境,给出答案。2.﹣HasAlicearrivedyet?﹣No,hercarbrokedownontheway.I'mafraidshethemeeting.(  )A.missesB.missedC.willmissD.ismissing【分析】﹣爱丽丝到了吗?﹣不,她的车在路上抛锚了。我担心她会错过会议。【解答】根据I'mafraidshethemeeting,可知是指我担心她会错过会议。时态是一般将来时will+动词原形。故选:C。【点评】熟悉一般将来时的用法,结合题意,给出答案。3.Youareabigbeautifulbird!(  )A.becameB.becomeC.becoming【分析】你正在变成一只美丽的大鸟!【解答】现在进行时构成,主语+be+现在分词,根据Youare,可知缺现在分词。故选:C。第17页共17页,【点评】考查现在进行时,要牢记词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。4.Everyoneinmyclass____carefullywhenatallboysneezedloudly.(  )A.islisteningB.waslisteningC.arelisteningD.werelistening【分析】当一个高个子男孩大声打喷嚏时,我们班上的每个人都在认真听讲。【解答】结合翻译"我们班上的每个人都在认真听讲",可知要用进行时,又因为后文的sneezed,所以用过去进行时,其结构为was/were+doing,排除A和C;又因为主语是everyone,所以谓语动词要用单数was。故选:B。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词,根据时间标志词判断时态,没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境,再根据时态的结构进行选择。5.Lookatthestamps.I______themforfiveyears.(  )A.KeptB.havekeptC.haveboughtD.bought【分析】看这些邮票。我已经保存了五年了。【解答】根据时间状语"forfiveyears"五年,可知句子用现在完成时,排除A和D,并且谓语动词必须是延续性动词,buy是非延续性动词,排除C。keep是延续性动词。故选:B。【点评】掌握现在完成时的构成,以及延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法,结合时间状语,确定答案。6.﹣Didyouhearmecallyournamejustnow?﹣No.I_______tomymomonthephone.(  )A.talkB.talkedC.havetalkedD.wastalking【分析】﹣你刚才听到我叫你的名字了吗?第17页共17页,﹣没有,我在和我妈妈通电话。【解答】从Didyouhearmecallyournamejustnow判断下面句子说的是刚才我正在跟妈妈通话,时态使用过去进行时,构成were/was+动词的现在分词。故选:D。【点评】考查动词时态,结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。7.Hesaidthatlight_____muchfasterthansound.(  )A.hastraveledB.travelC.travelsD.traveled【分析】他说光传播的速度比声音快。【解答】结合句意,他说光传播的速度比声音快。结合句子,that后是一个宾语从句,主句是一般过去时,但是从句中,光传播的速度比声音快,这是客观事实,所以需要用一般现在时。light是不可数名词,所以用动词的第三人称单数形式,用travels.故选:C。【点评】结合宾语从句的时态要点,要用一般现在时,即可作出正确选择。8.I______abighouseformyfamilyifI______alotofmoney.(  )A.wouldbuy;hadB.wouldbuy;haveC.willbuy;hadD.bought,had【分析】如果我有很多钱,我会为我的家人买一栋大房子。【解答】if用于虚拟语气,用于假设现在、过去或将来不太可能发生或者与事实相反的情况。根据I...abighouseformyfamilyifI...alotofmoney.可知,假设与现在事实相反的情况,从句用一般过去时,动词用过去式(be动词,不论人称,一律用were),主句用过去将来时,would/should/could/might+动词原形。故选:A。【点评】考查if用于虚拟语气。首先理解句子的意思,判断if假设的情况,与现在、过去或将来有关,然后采用固定句式答题即可。第17页共17页,9.﹣After1000﹣daywaiting,MengWanzhoufinallyreturnedtoourmotherland.﹣Howexcited!OurcountryismuchmorepowerfulandChinese_____inmanyforeigncountries.(  )A.istaughtB.aretaughtC.areteaching【分析】﹣经过1000天的等待,孟婉舟终于回到了祖国。﹣多兴奋啊!我们的国家强大得多,许多外国都在教授汉语。【解答】结合语境可知,本句要用一般现在时;"汉语"和"教"是被动关系,综上可知,本句用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/aredone。因为主语是Chinese,所以be动词用is,teach的过去分词是taught。故选:A。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词,根据时间标志词判断时态,没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境,再根据时态的结构进行选择。10.Intheyearof2020,eachofusbythepeoplelikeZhongNanshanandLiLanjuanwhotaughtushowtofightagainstthedifficultiesinlifewithastrongwill.(  )A.weregreatlyencouragedB.greatlyencouragesC.greatlyencouragedD.wasgreatlyencouraged【分析】2020年,钟南山、李兰娟等人教会了我们如何以坚强的意志战胜生活中的困难,我们每个人都深受鼓舞。【解答】主语eachofus是动词encourage的承受者,根据Intheyearof2020可知用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成是was/were+过去分词。eachofus作主语,指单数,be动词用was。故选:D。【点评】第17页共17页,解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合时态和语态准确作答。11.—Ahigh﹣speedrailwayinourhometownbefore2020.—Whatexcitingnews!Willitpassyourhouse?(  )A.isbuildingB.willbuildC.havebeenbuiltD.willbebuilt【分析】﹣2020年前我们家乡将要修建一条高铁。﹣多么令人激动的消息啊!它会经过你家吗?【解答】根据题干中before2020和下文中的Willitpassyourhouse?可知高铁还未修建,则此处应用一般将来时。其次主语Ahigh﹣speedrailway和谓语build是被动关系,表示被修建,则此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构是主语+willbedone,则D选项符合题意。故选:D。【点评】本题考查一般将来时的被动语态,要求学生根据题干判断时态,主谓关系判断语态即可作出选择。12.Moredinosaurfossils(化石),includingfootprints,bonesoreggs,could________inthefuture.(  )A.discoverB.bediscoveredC.havediscoveredD.bediscovering【分析】未来可能会发现更多的恐龙化石,包括脚印、骨头或蛋。【解答】句意:考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语Moredinosaurfossils是动作discover的承受者,用含有情态动词could的被动语态表示。故选:B。【点评】考查被动语态,在日常学习中要掌握被动语态的构成。做题时要先了解各选项的语态,对其用法做到心里有数,再根据具体的时态来选择正确答案。13.Therestaurantdownthestreet_________sincetheownerofit______toanotherprovince.(  )第17页共17页,A.hasclosed;movedB.hasbeenclosed;movedC.hasclosed;hasmoved【分析】这条街上的那家餐馆自从主人搬到另一个省后就已经关门了【解答】since+过去时态的句子,主句要用现在完成时,餐馆是被关,要用被动语态,所以第一个空要用现在完成时的被动语态have/hasbeen+过去分词,restaurant要用has,第二个空要用一般过去时态。故选:B。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对被动语态掌握。14.By the time the fireman arrivedthere,the big fire______.(  )A.had been put upB.had been put outC.had put offD.had put down【分析】到消防员来到的时候,大火已经被扑灭了。【解答】putup张贴;putoff推迟;putout扑灭;putdown放下。根据句意可知,这里说的是大火被扑灭了,并且这里thebigfire和putout之间是被动的关系,所以应该用被动语态。故选:B。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词,根据时间标志词判断时态,没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境,再根据时态的结构进行选择。15.Hecan'trememberhowmanytimesheneedsto____of_____lateforschool.(  )A.remind;notbeingB.bereminded;notbeingC.remind;nottobeD.bereminded;nottobe【分析】他不记得上学要提醒他多少次不要迟到。第17页共17页,【解答】分析题干,我们可知主语是he,他被提醒,第一空用被动语态,排除AC;beremindedofsth/doingsth,排除D。故选:B。【点评】考查动名词,要牢记词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。16.﹣﹣Whichisthesentencepatternof"Itisrainingheavily"?﹣﹣________.(  )A.S+V+OB.S+V+IO+DOC.S+VD.S+V+O+OC【分析】﹣﹣"雨下得很大"的句型是什么?﹣﹣主语+谓语【解答】It主语,israiningheavily谓语,所以这个句型是主谓结构。故选:C。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对主语的掌握。17.Themotherisreadingastorytoheryoungchildren.(  )A.表语B.谓语C.宾语D.定语【分析】这位母亲正在给她的孩子们读故事。【解答】isreading正在读,现在进行时态,作谓语。故选:B。【点评】分析句子结构,根据划线内容,选择合适答案。18.Mydogisreallycute,andIlikeitverymuch.(  )A.表语B.谓语C.宾语D.状语【分析】我的狗很可爱,我非常喜欢它。【解答】be动词后加形容词作表语,really副词修饰形容词cute。故选:A。第17页共17页,【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。19.Iwanttocallyoubutmyphoneisn'tworking.(  )A.表语B.状语C.主语D.宾语【分析】我想给你打电话,但我的电话坏了。【解答】固定短语wanttodosth想做某事,want后面的动词不定式做宾语。故选:D。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。20.Jennywantstoenjoythestorytellingclub.划线部分是做(  )A.宾语B.定语C.宾语补足语【分析】珍妮想享受讲故事俱乐部的乐趣。划线部分是做定语。【解答】storytelling讲故事,修饰后面的名词club,作定语。故选:B。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。21.Mygrandmaoftentellsmestoriesatnight.划线部分在句子中做(  )A.宾语B.表语C.状语【分析】我奶奶经常在晚上给我讲故事。划线部分在句子中做状语。【解答】Mygrandma主语,oftentells谓语,me间接宾语,stories直接宾语,atnight时间状语。故选:C。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。22.—IsthereanoldtreeinJinciTemple?—Yes.______,ithasbeenthereformorethan3000years.(  )A.OnceuponatimeB.Intheend第17页共17页,C.AsfarasIknow【分析】—晋祠里有棵古树吗?—是的。据我所知,它在那里已经有3000多年了。【解答】根据—IsthereanoldtreeinJinciTemple?—Yes.____,ithasbeenthereformorethan3000years.你—晋祠里有棵古树吗?—是的。____,它在那里已经有3000多年了。可知对方是知道晋祠里有棵古树并且它在那里已经有3000多年了。结合选项,A.Onceuponatime从前;B.Intheend最后;C.AsfarasIknow据我所知;C项符合题意。故选:C。【点评】解答此类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境,同时要正确理解所给选项的细微区别。23.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisright?(  )A.ShehasleftXuzhouforaweek.B.Shehopesmetobeadoctor.C.Sheaskedmewhytochoosethebook.D.ShemovedtoXuzhoutwoyearsago.【分析】下面哪个句子是对的?【解答】A项错误,leave是非延续性动词,根据foraweek可知应用延续性动词。B项错误,hopetodo是固定搭配,me应去掉。C项错误,why引导宾语从句,tochoose应改为chose。D项正确。故选:D。【点评】考查句子改错,根据句子的语境结合所学时态、语法和固定搭配等知识判断句子对错。24.下列句子是"主语+系动词+表语"结构的是(  )A.Heislikeafathertome.第17页共17页,B.Ithinkit'shealthy.C.Thiskindofpenssellswell.【分析】下列句子是"主语+系动词+表语"结构的是"他对我就像一个父亲一样。"【解答】think和sell为谓语动词,故B为主谓宾;C是主谓的句子;is是系动词,故A选项是主系表的句子。故选:A。【点评】本题考查主系表的句子,需要认真分析句子成分,选出正确答案。25.Thestructure(结构)ofthesentence"Ineedyourhelp."is_________.A.S+VB.S+V+OC.S+V+P【分析】"我需要你的帮助"这个句子的结构是主谓宾。【解答】Ineedyourhelp.表示我需要你的帮助,其中主语(S)是I,谓语(V)是need,宾语(O)是yourhelp,则该句是主谓宾结构。故选:B。【点评】本题考查句子结构,要求学生掌握常见的五种句型结构,再根据题干进行选择即可。26.Allthevolunteersthoughtheragoodhelper.Thesentencetypeis.(  )A.S+V+PB.S+V+DO+OCC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO【分析】所有的志愿者都认为她是个好帮手。是S+V+DO+OC结构。【解答】Allthevolunteers是主语,thought是谓语动词,her是宾语,agoodhelper是宾语补足语;是"主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补"的结构。故选:B。【点评】考查简单句的基本句型,要熟练掌握各种简单句的句型。27.Thesentencepatternof"WemakeQingyangCitybeautiful."is________.(  )A.S+V+OB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC第17页共17页,【分析】"我们使庆阳城美丽"的句型是主+谓+宾+宾补。【解答】S+V+O主+谓+宾;S+V+P主+系+表;S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾;S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据"WemakeQingyangCitybeautiful"可知,we主语;make谓语;QingyangCity宾语;beautiful宾补。故选:D。【点评】注意判断主干成分,确定各个部分对应的成分。28.﹣_______abirthdaycakeonyourtable?﹣Yes,______.(  )A.Isthere,thereisB.Isthere,itisC.Isit,thereisD.Isit,isit【分析】﹣你桌上有生日蛋糕吗?﹣是的,有。【解答】therebe句型的一般疑问句是直接把be动词提前,回答的时候也要用therebe回答。故选:A。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的掌握和对therebe句型的掌握。29.Finishingthispaperneedsbeingverycareful.Butdon'tworry.relaxed,andyouwillbesuretocomethroughitwithgoodpreparations.(  )A.BeingB.TobeC.Be【分析】完成这篇论文需要非常小心。但别担心。放松,你一定会做好充分的准备来度过难关。【解答】考查祈使句的用法,根据形容词relaxed放松的,用祈使句的肯定形式,在形容词前面加Be。故选:C。【点评】第17页共17页,本题考查祈使句的用法,在平时的学习中注意积累与运用,达到熟练掌握的目的。30.interestingthefilmis!(  )A.WhatB.HowC.Whatan【分析】这部电影多有趣啊!【解答】在感叹句中,what修饰名词,how修饰形容词/副词,根据interestingthefilmis!可知句型结构为:How+副词+主语+谓语动词!故选:B。【点评】解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合感叹句的构成准确作答。第17页共17页
同类资料
更多
2022年中考英语专题复习:句法 专项练习题精选汇编(含答案解析)