初中英语七年级上的考试卷的网址

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初中英语七年级上

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01 初中英语七年级上（况霍凌霄）-27等多个文件|b.基础初中英语七年级下（胡灿奎）-66|a.基础初中英语七年级上（胡灿奎）-52|02 初中英语七年级下（况霍凌霄）-36|01 初中英语七年级上（况霍凌霄）-27|09 第9讲 Unit 9 My favorite subject is science|08 第8讲 Unit 8 When is your birthday？|07 第7讲 Unit 7 How much are these socks？|06 第6讲 Unit 6 do you like bananas？|05 第5讲 Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball？|04 第4讲 Unit 4 Where is my schoolbag？|03 第3讲 Unit 3 Is this your pencil？|02 第2讲 Unit 2 This is my sister|01 第1讲 Unit 1 My name is Gina|教师简介.txt 12999英语网，各种版本，各科都有的，而且是免费下载，挺好用的。

求初中试题网

这里有http://hi.baidu.com/%B9%C9%C3%F1%5F%D0%A1%BB%A7/blog/item/f7c32018e9ce370334fa41b6.html

而且很全

数学、物理、化学都有哦

十字交叉双乘法没有公式，一定要说的话

那就是利用x^2+(p+q)x+pq=(x+q)(x+p)其中PQ为常数。x^2是X的平方

1.因式分解

即和差化积，其最后结果要分解到不能再分为止。而且可以肯定一个多项式要能分解因式，则结果唯一，因为：数域F上的次数大于零的多项式f(x),如果不计零次因式的差异，那么f(x)可以唯一的分解为以下形式：

f(x)=aP1k1(x)P2k2(x)…Piki(x)*,其中α是f(x)的最高次项的系数，P1(x),P2(x)……Pi（x）是首1互不相等的不可约多项式，并且Pi(x)(I=1,2…,t)是f(x)的Ki重因式。

（*）或叫做多项式f(x)的典型分解式。证明：可参见《高代》P52-53

初等数学中，把多项式的分解叫因式分解，其一般步骤为：一提二套三分组等

要求为：要分到不能再分为止。

2.方法介绍

2.1提公因式法：

如果多项式各项都有公共因式，则可先考虑把公因式提出来，进行因式分解，注意要每项都必须有公因式。

例15x3+10x2+5x

解析显然每项均含有公因式5x故可考虑提取公因式5x，接下来剩下x2+2x+1仍可继续分解。

解：原式=5x(x2+2x+1)

=5x(x+1)2

2.2公式法

即多项式如果满足特殊公式的结构特征，即可采用套公式法，进行多项式的因式分解，故对于一些常用的公式要求熟悉，除教材的基本公式外，数学竞赛中常出现的一些基本公式现整理归纳如下：

a2-b2=(a+b)(a-b)

a2±2ab+b2=(a±b)2

a3+b3=(a+b)(a2-ab+b2)

a3-b3=(a-b)(a2+ab+b2)

a3±3a2b+3ab2±b2=(a±b)3

a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ac=(a+b+c)2

a12+a22+…+an2+2a1a2+…+2an-1an=(a1+a2+…+an)2

a3+b3+c3-3abc=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-ac-bc)

an+bn=(a+b)(an-1-an-2b+…+bn-1)(n为奇数)

说明由因式定理，即对一元多项式f(x)，若f(b)=0，则一定含有一次因式x-b。可判断当n为偶数时，当a=b,a=-b时，均有an-bn=0故an-bn中一定含有a+b，a-b因式。

例2分解因式：①64x6-y12②1+x+x2+…+x15

解析各小题均可套用公式

解①64x6-y12=（8x3-y6）(8x3+y6)

=(2x-y2)(4x2+2xy2+y4)(2x+y2)(4x2-2xy2+y4)

②1+x+x2+…+x15=

=(1+x)(1+x2)(1+x4)(1+x8)

注多项式分解时，先构造公式再分解。

2.3分组分解法

当多项式的项数较多时，可将多项式进行合理分组，达到顺利分解的目的。当然可能要综合其他分法，且分组方法也不一定唯一。

例1分解因式：x15+m12+m9+m6+m3+1

解原式=（x15+m12）+(m9+m6)+(m3+1)

=m12(m3+1)+m6(m3+1)+(m3+1)

=(m3+1)(m12+m6++1)

=(m3+1)[(m6+1)2-m6]

=(m+1)(m2-m+1)(m6+1+m3)(m6+1-m3)

例2分解因式：x4+5x3+15x-9

解析可根据系数特征进行分组

解原式=（x4-9）+5x3+15x

=(x2+3)(x2-3)+5x(x2+3)

=(x2+3)(x2+5x-3)

2.4十字相乘法

对于形如ax2+bx+c结构特征的二次三项式可以考虑用十字相乘法,

即x2+(b+c)x+bc=(x+b)(x+c)当x2项系数不为1时，同样也可用十字相乘进行操作。

例3分解因式：①x2-x-6②6x2-x-12

解①1x2

1x-3

原式=（x+2）(x-3)

②2x-3

3x4

原式=（2x-3）(3x+4)

注：“ax4+bx2+c”型也可考虑此种方法。

2.5双十字相乘法

在分解二次三项式时，十字相乘法是常用的基本方法，对于比较复杂的多项式，尤其是某些二次六项式，如4x2-4xy-3y2-4x+10y-3，也可以运用十字相乘法分解因式，其具体步骤为：

（1）用十字相乘法分解由前三次组成的二次三项式，得到一个十字相乘图

（2）把常数项分解成两个因式填在第二个十字的右边且使这两个因式在第二个十字中交叉之积的和等于原式中含y的一次项，同时还必须与第一个十字中左端的两个因式交叉之积的和等于原式中含x的一次项

例5分解因式

①4x2-4xy-3y2-4x+10y-3②x2-3xy-10y2+x+9y-2

③ab+b2+a-b-2④6x2-7xy-3y2-xz+7yz-2z2

解①原式=（2x-3y+1）(2x+y-3)

2x-3y1

2xy-3

②原式=（x-5y+2）(x+2y-1)

x-5y2

x2y-1

③原式=(b+1)(a+b-2)

0ab1

ab-2

④原式=（2x-3y+z）(3x+y-2z)

2x-3yz

3x-y-2z

说明：③式补上oa2,可用双十字相乘法，当然此题也可用分组分解法。

如（ab+a）+(b2-b-2)=a(b+1)+(b+1)(b-2)=(b+1)(a+b-2)

④式三个字母满足二次六项式，把-2z2看作常数分解即可：

2.6拆法、添项法

对于一些多项式，如果不能直接因式分解时，可以将其中的某项拆成二项之差或之和。再应用分组法，公式法等进行分解因式，其中拆项、添项方法不是唯一，可解有许多不同途径，对题目一定要具体分析，选择简捷的分解方法。

例6分解因式：x3+3x2-4

解析法一：可将-4拆成-1，-3即（x3-1）+(3x2-3)

法二：添x4,再减x4,.即（x4+3x2-4）+(x3-x4)

法三：添4x,再减4x即，（x3+3x2-4x）+(4x-4)

法四：把3x2拆成4x2-x2,即（x3-x2）+(4x2-4)

法五：把x3拆为，4x2-3x3即(4x3-4)-(3x3-3x2)等

解（选择法四）原式=x3-x2+4x2-4

=x2(x-1)+4(x-1)(x+1)

=(x-1)(x2+4x+4)

=(x-1)(x+2)2

2．7换元法

换元法就是引入新的字母变量，将原式中的字母变量换掉化简式子。运用此

种方法对于某些特殊的多项式因式分解可以起到简化的效果。

例7分解因式：

(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)-120

解析若将此展开，将十分繁琐，但我们注意到

(x+1)(x+4)=x2+5x+4

(x+2)(x+3)=x2+5x+6

故可用换元法分解此题

解原式=(x2+5x+4)(x2+5x+6)-120

令y=x2+5x+5则原式=(y-1)(y+1)-120

=y2-121

=(y+11)(y-11)

=(x2+5x+16)(x2+5x-6)

=(x+6)(x-1)(x2+5x+16)

注在此也可令x2+5x+4=y或x2+5x+6=y或x2+5x=y请认真比较体会哪种换法更简单？

2．8待定系数法

待定系数法是解决代数式恒等变形中的重要方法,如果能确定代数式变形后的字母框架,只是字母的系数高不能确定,则可先用未知数表示字母系数,然后根据多项式的恒等性质列出n个含有特殊确定系数的方程(组)，解出这个方程(组)求出待定系数。待定系数法应用广泛,在此只研究它的因式分解中的一些应用。

例7分解因式：2a2+3ab-9b2+14a+3b+20

分析属于二次六项式，也可考虑用双十字相乘法，在此我们用待定系数法

先分解2a2+3ab+9b2=(2a-3b)(a+3b)

解设可设原式=(2a-3b+m)(a+3b+n)

=2a2+3ab-9b2+(m+2n)a+(3m-3n)b+mn……………

比较两个多项式（即原式与*式）的系数

m+2n=14(1)m=4

3m-3n=-3(2)=>

mn=20(3)n=5

∴原式=（2x-3b+4）(a+3b+5)

注对于（*）式因为对a,b取任何值等式都成立，也可用令特殊值法，求m,n

令a=1,b=0,m+2n=14m=4

=>

令a=0,b=1,m=n=-1n=5

2.9因式定理、综合除法分解因式

对于整系数一元多项式f(x)=anxn+an-1xn-1+…+a1x+a0

由因式定理可先判断它是否含有一次因式(x-)（其中p，q互质），p为首项系数an的约数，q为末项系数a0的约数

若f（）=0,则一定会有（x-）再用综合除法，将多项式分解

例8分解因式x3-4x2+6x-4

解这是一个整系数一元多项式，因为4的正约数为1、2、4

∴可能出现的因式为x±1,x±2,x±4,

∵f(1)≠0,f(1)≠0

但f(2)=0,故(x-2)是这个多项式的因式，再用综合除法

21-46-4

2-44

1-220

所以原式=(x-2)(x2-2x+2)

当然此题也可拆项分解，如x3-4x2+4x+2x-4

=x(x-2)2+(x-2)

=(x-2)(x2-2x+2)

分解因式的方法是多样的，且其方法之间相互联系，一道题很可能要同时运用多种方法才可能完成，故在知晓这些方法之后，一定要注意各种方法灵活运用，牢固掌握!

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不知道你是什么教材的

初中的都给你好了

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1 过两点有且只有一条直线

2 两点之间线段最短

3 同角或等角的补角相等

4 同角或等角的余角相等

5 过一点有且只有一条直线和已知直线垂直

6 直线外一点与直线上各点连接的所有线段中，垂线段最短

7 平行公理 经过直线外一点，有且只有一条直线与这条直线平行

8 如果两条直线都和第三条直线平行，这两条直线也互相平行

9 同位角相等，两直线平行

10 内错角相等，两直线平行

11 同旁内角互补，两直线平行

12两直线平行，同位角相等

13 两直线平行，内错角相等

14 两直线平行，同旁内角互补

15 定理 三角形两边的和大于第三边

16 推论 三角形两边的差小于第三边

17 三角形内角和定理 三角形三个内角的和等于180°

18 推论1 直角三角形的两个锐角互余

19 推论2 三角形的一个外角等于和它不相邻的两个内角的和

20 推论3 三角形的一个外角大于任何一个和它不相邻的内角

21 全等三角形的对应边、对应角相等

22边角边公理(SAS) 有两边和它们的夹角对应相等的两个三角形全等

23 角边角公理( ASA)有两角和它们的夹边对应相等的两个三角形全等

24 推论(AAS) 有两角和其中一角的对边对应相等的两个三角形全等

25 边边边公理(SSS) 有三边对应相等的两个三角形全等

26 斜边、直角边公理(HL) 有斜边和一条直角边对应相等的两个直角三角形全等

27 定理1 在角的平分线上的点到这个角的两边的距离相等

28 定理2 到一个角的两边的距离相同的点，在这个角的平分线上

29 角的平分线是到角的两边距离相等的所有点的集合

30 等腰三角形的性质定理 等腰三角形的两个底角相等 (即等边对等角）

31 推论1 等腰三角形顶角的平分线平分底边并且垂直于底边

32 等腰三角形的顶角平分线、底边上的中线和底边上的高互相重合

33 推论3 等边三角形的各角都相等，并且每一个角都等于60°

34 等腰三角形的判定定理 如果一个三角形有两个角相等，那么这两个角所对的边也相等（等角对等边）

35 推论1 三个角都相等的三角形是等边三角形

36 推论 2 有一个角等于60°的等腰三角形是等边三角形

37 在直角三角形中，如果一个锐角等于30°那么它所对的直角边等于斜边的一半

38 直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边上的一半

39 定理 线段垂直平分线上的点和这条线段两个端点的距离相等

40 逆定理 和一条线段两个端点距离相等的点，在这条线段的垂直平分线上

41 线段的垂直平分线可看作和线段两端点距离相等的所有点的集合

42 定理1 关于某条直线对称的两个图形是全等形

43 定理 2 如果两个图形关于某直线对称，那么对称轴是对应点连线的垂直平分线

44定理3 两个图形关于某直线对称，如果它们的对应线段或延长线相交，那么交点在对称轴上

45逆定理 如果两个图形的对应点连线被同一条直线垂直平分，那么这两个图形关于这条直线对称

46勾股定理 直角三角形两直角边a、b的平方和、等于斜边c的平方，即a^2+b^2=c^2

47勾股定理的逆定理 如果三角形的三边长a、b、c有关系a^2+b^2=c^2 ，那么这个三角形是直角三角形

48定理 四边形的内角和等于360°

49四边形的外角和等于360°

50多边形内角和定理 n边形的内角的和等于（n-2）×180°

51推论 任意多边的外角和等于360°

52平行四边形性质定理1 平行四边形的对角相等

53平行四边形性质定理2 平行四边形的对边相等

54推论 夹在两条平行线间的平行线段相等

55平行四边形性质定理3 平行四边形的对角线互相平分

56平行四边形判定定理1 两组对角分别相等的四边形是平行四边形

57平行四边形判定定理2 两组对边分别相等的四边形是平行四边形

58平行四边形判定定理3 对角线互相平分的四边形是平行四边形

59平行四边形判定定理4 一组对边平行相等的四边形是平行四边形

60矩形性质定理1 矩形的四个角都是直角

61矩形性质定理2 矩形的对角线相等

62矩形判定定理1 有三个角是直角的四边形是矩形

63矩形判定定理2 对角线相等的平行四边形是矩形

64菱形性质定理1 菱形的四条边都相等

65菱形性质定理2 菱形的对角线互相垂直，并且每一条对角线平分一组对角

66菱形面积=对角线乘积的一半，即S=（a×b）÷2

67菱形判定定理1 四边都相等的四边形是菱形

68菱形判定定理2 对角线互相垂直的平行四边形是菱形

69正方形性质定理1 正方形的四个角都是直角，四条边都相等

70正方形性质定理2正方形的两条对角线相等，并且互相垂直平分，每条对角线平分一组对角

71定理1 关于中心对称的两个图形是全等的

72定理2 关于中心对称的两个图形，对称点连线都经过对称中心，并且被对称中心平分

73逆定理 如果两个图形的对应点连线都经过某一点，并且被这一 点平分，那么这两个图形关于这一点对称

74等腰梯形性质定理 等腰梯形在同一底上的两个角相等

75等腰梯形的两条对角线相等

76等腰梯形判定定理 在同一底上的两个角相等的梯形是等腰梯形

77对角线相等的梯形是等腰梯形

78平行线等分线段定理 如果一组平行线在一条直线上截得的线段

相等，那么在其他直线上截得的线段也相等

79 推论1 经过梯形一腰的中点与底平行的直线，必平分另一腰

80 推论2 经过三角形一边的中点与另一边平行的直线，必平分第 三边

81 三角形中位线定理 三角形的中位线平行于第三边，并且等于它 的一半

82 梯形中位线定理 梯形的中位线平行于两底，并且等于两底和的 一半 L=（a+b）÷2 S=L×h

83 (1)比例的基本性质 如果a:b=c:d,那么ad=bc

如果ad=bc,那么a:b=c:d wc呁/S∕ ?

84 (2)合比性质 如果a／b=c／d,那么(a±b)／b=(c±d)／d

85 (3)等比性质 如果a／b=c／d=…=m／n(b+d+…+n≠0),那么

(a+c+…+m)／(b+d+…+n)=a／b

86 平行线分线段成比例定理 三条平行线截两条直线，所得的对应 线段成比例

87 推论 平行于三角形一边的直线截其他两边（或两边的延长线），所得的对应线段成比例

88 定理 如果一条直线截三角形的两边（或两边的延长线）所得的对应线段成比例，那么这条直线平行于三角形的第三边

89 平行于三角形的一边，并且和其他两边相交的直线，所截得的三角形的三边与原三角形三边对应成比例

90 定理 平行于三角形一边的直线和其他两边（或两边的延长线）相交，所构成的三角形与原三角形相似

91 相似三角形判定定理1 两角对应相等，两三角形相似（ASA）

92 直角三角形被斜边上的高分成的两个直角三角形和原三角形相似

93 判定定理2 两边对应成比例且夹角相等，两三角形相似（SAS）

94 判定定理3 三边对应成比例，两三角形相似（SSS）

95 定理 如果一个直角三角形的斜边和一条直角边与另一个直角三 角形的斜边和一条直角边对应成比例，那么这两个直角三角形相似

96 性质定理1 相似三角形对应高的比，对应中线的比与对应角平 分线的比都等于相似比

97 性质定理2 相似三角形周长的比等于相似比

98 性质定理3 相似三角形面积的比等于相似比的平方

99 任意锐角的正弦值等于它的余角的余弦值，任意锐角的余弦值等 于它的余角的正弦值

100任意锐角的正切值等于它的余角的余切值，任意锐角的余切值等 于它的余角的正切值

101圆是定点的距离等于定长的点的集合

102圆的内部可以看作是圆心的距离小于半径的点的集合

103圆的外部可以看作是圆心的距离大于半径的点的集合

104同圆或等圆的半径相等

105到定点的距离等于定长的点的轨迹，是以定点为圆心，定长为半 径的圆

106和已知线段两个端点的距离相等的点的轨迹，是着条线段的垂直 平分线

107到已知角的两边距离相等的点的轨迹，是这个角的平分线

108到两条平行线距离相等的点的轨迹，是和这两条平行线平行且距 离相等的一条直线

109定理 不在同一直线上的三点确定一个圆。

110垂径定理 垂直于弦的直径平分这条弦并且平分弦所对的两条弧

111推论1 ①平分弦（不是直径）的直径垂直于弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧

②弦的垂直平分线经过圆心，并且平分弦所对的两条弧

③平分弦所对的一条弧的直径，垂直平分弦，并且平分弦所对的另一条弧

112推论2 圆的两条平行弦所夹的弧相等

113圆是以圆心为对称中心的中心对称图形

114定理 在同圆或等圆中，相等的圆心角所对的弧相等，所对的弦 相等，所对的弦的弦心距相等

115推论 在同圆或等圆中，如果两个圆心角、两条弧、两条弦或两 弦的弦心距中有一组量相等那么它们所对应的其余各组量都相等

116定理 一条弧所对的圆周角等于它所对的圆心角的一半

117推论1 同弧或等弧所对的圆周角相等；同圆或等圆中，相等的圆周角所对的弧也相等

118推论2 半圆（或直径）所对的圆周角是直角；90°的圆周角所 对的弦是直径

119推论3 如果三角形一边上的中线等于这边的一半，那么这个三角形是直角三角形

120定理 圆的内接四边形的对角互补，并且任何一个外角都等于它 的内对角

121①直线L和⊙O相交 d＜r

②直线L和⊙O相切 d=r

③直线L和⊙O相离 d＞r ?

122切线的判定定理 经过半径的外端并且垂直于这条半径的直线是圆的切线

123切线的性质定理 圆的切线垂直于经过切点的半径

124推论1 经过圆心且垂直于切线的直线必经过切点

125推论2 经过切点且垂直于切线的直线必经过圆心

126切线长定理 从圆外一点引圆的两条切线，它们的切线长相等， 圆心和这一点的连线平分两条切线的夹角

127圆的外切四边形的两组对边的和相等

128弦切角定理 弦切角等于它所夹的弧对的圆周角

129推论 如果两个弦切角所夹的弧相等，那么这两个弦切角也相等

130相交弦定理 圆内的两条相交弦，被交点分成的两条线段长的积 相等

131推论 如果弦与直径垂直相交，那么弦的一半是它分直径所成的 两条线段的比例中项

132切割线定理 从圆外一点引圆的切线和割线，切线长是这点到割 线与圆交点的两条线段长的比例中项

133推论 从圆外一点引圆的两条割线，这一点到每条割线与圆的交点的两条线段长的积相等

134如果两个圆相切，那么切点一定在连心线上

135①两圆外离 d＞R+r ②两圆外切 d=R+r

③两圆相交 R-r＜d＜R+r(R＞r)

④两圆内切 d=R-r(R＞r) ⑤两圆内含d＜R-r(R＞r)

136定理 相交两圆的连心线垂直平分两圆的公*弦

137定理 把圆分成n(n≥3):

⑴依次连结各分点所得的多边形是这个圆的内接正n边形

⑵经过各分点作圆的切线，以相邻切线的交点为顶点的多边形是这个圆的外切正n边形

138定理 任何正多边形都有一个外接圆和一个内切圆，这两个圆是同心圆

139正n边形的每个内角都等于（n-2）×180°／n

140定理 正n边形的半径和边心距把正n边形分成2n个全等的直角三角形

141正n边形的面积Sn=pnrn／2 p表示正n边形的周长

142正三角形面积√3a／4 a表示边长

143如果在一个顶点周围有k个正n边形的角，由于这些角的和应为 360°，因此k×(n-2)180°／n=360°化为（n-2）(k-2)=4

144弧长扑愎 剑篖=n兀R／180

145扇形面积公式：S扇形=n兀R^2／360=LR／2

146内公切线长= d-(R-r) 外公切线长= d-(R+r)

（还有一些，大家帮补充吧）

实用工具:常用数学公式

公式分类 公式表达式

乘法与因式分解

a^2-b^2=(a+b)(a-b)

a^3+b^3=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)

a^3-b^3=(a-b(a^2+ab+b^2)

三角不等式 |a+b|≤|a|+|b| |a-b|≤|a|+|b| |a|≤b<=>-b≤a≤b

|a-b|≥|a|-|b| -|a|≤a≤|a|

一元二次方程的解 -b+√(b^2-4ac)/2a -b-√(b^2-4ac)/2a

根与系数的关系 X1+X2=-b/a X1*X2=c/a 注：韦达定理

判别式

b^2-4ac=0 注：方程有两个相等的实根

b^2-4ac>0 注：方程有两个不等的实根

b^2-4ac<0 注：方程没有实根，有*轭复数根

三角函数公式

两角和公式

sin(A+B)=sinAcosB+cosAsinB

sin(A-B)=sinAcosB-sinBcosA

cos(A+B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinB

cos(A-B)=cosAcosB+sinAsinB

tan(A+B)=(tanA+tanB)/(1-tanAtanB)

tan(A-B)=(tanA-tanB)/(1+tanAtanB)

cot(A+B)=(cotAcotB-1)/(cotB+cotA)

cot(A-B)=(cotAcotB+1)/(cotB-cotA)

倍角公式

tan2A=2tanA/[1-(tanA)^2]

cos2a=(cosa)^2-(sina)^2=2(cosa)^2 -1=1-2(sina)^2

半角公式

sin(A/2)=√((1-cosA)/2) sin(A/2)=-√((1-cosA)/2)

cos(A/2)=√((1+cosA)/2) cos(A/2)=-√((1+cosA)/2)

tan(A/2)=√((1-cosA)/((1+cosA)) tan(A/2)=-√((1-cosA)/((1+cosA))

cot(A/2)=√((1+cosA)/((1-cosA)) cot(A/2)=-√((1+cosA)/((1-cosA))

和差化积

2sinAcosB=sin(A+B)+sin(A-B)

2cosAsinB=sin(A+B)-sin(A-B) )

2cosAcosB=cos(A+B)-sin(A-B)

-2sinAsinB=cos(A+B)-cos(A-B)

sinA+sinB=2sin((A+B)/2)cos((A-B)/2

cosA+cosB=2cos((A+B)/2)sin((A-B)/2)

tanA+tanB=sin(A+B)/cosAcosB

某些数列前n项和

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+…+n=n(n+1)/2

1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+…+(2n-1)=n2

2+4+6+8+10+12+14+…+(2n)=n(n+1) 5

1^2+2^2+3^2+4^2+5^2+6^2+7^2+8^2+…+n^2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6

1^3+2^3+3^3+4^3+5^3+6^3+…n^3=n2(n+1)2/4

1*2+2*3+3*4+4*5+5*6+6*7+…+n(n+1)=n(n+1)(n+2)/3

正弦定理 a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC=2R 注： 其中 R 表示三角形的外接圆半径

余弦定理 b^2=a^2+c^2-2accosB 注：角B是边a和边c的夹角

圆的标准方程 (x-a)^2+(y-b)^2=^r2 注：（a,b）是圆心坐标

圆的一般方程 x^2+y^2+Dx+Ey+F=0 注：D^2+E^2-4F>0

抛物线标准方程 y^2=2px y^2=-2px x^2=2py x^2=-2py

直棱柱侧面积 S=c*h 斜棱柱侧面积 S=c'*h

正棱锥侧面积 S=1/2c*h' 正棱台侧面积 S=1/2(c+c')h'

圆台侧面积 S=1/2(c+c')l=pi(R+r)l 球的表面积 S=4pi*r2

圆柱侧面积 S=c*h=2pi*h 圆锥侧面积 S=1/2*c*l=pi*r*l

弧长公式 l=a*r a是圆心角的弧度数r >0 扇形面积公式 s=1/2*l*r

锥体体积公式 V=1/3*S*H 圆锥体体积公式 V=1/3*pi*r2h

斜棱柱体积 V=S'L 注：其中,S'是直截面面积， L是侧棱长

柱体体积公式 V=s*h 圆柱体 V=pi*r2h http://www.xkb1.com/

初中英语考试卷子

七年级英语期末试卷题目并不难，考生们只要多找英语期末试卷来做，就能考到好成绩。以下是我给你推荐的七年级下册英语期末试卷及答案，希望对你有帮助!

七年级下册英语期末考试试卷

第一部分 听对话回答1-10小题 (共10小题,每小题1分，计10分，听两遍)

( ) 5. Where are they talking?

A. In a shop. B. At the bus stop. C. In the police station.

( ) 6. What will the girl do this afternoon?

A. Have a party. B. Visit the old people. C. Go shopping.

( ) 7. Where does the boy have lunch?

A. In the restaurant. B. At home. C. At school.

( ) 8. What does the man want to do?

A. Climb hills. B. Go fishing. C. Go shopping.

( ) 9. How often does the girl dance?

A. Every day. B. Five times a week. C. Three times every week.

( ) 10. How many students are there in the boy's school?

A. 150. B. over 3,000. C. 3,000.

第二部分 听对话或独白回答问题 (共10小题,每小题1分，计10分，听两遍)

听第一段对话，回答11-12小题。

( )11. They are going to have the party on .

A. Sunday evening B. Saturday evening C. Thursday evening

( )12. They are going to have the party .

A. in the man’s flat B. in the woman’s flat C. in Mary’s flat

听第一篇短文，回答13-15小题。

A trip to the Flower Park

Time This 13

How to get there 14

Things to do Allan wants to row a boat .

Alice wants to 15 .

( ) 13. A. Friday B. Saturday C. Sunday

( ) 14. A. On foot B. By bus C. By bike

( ) 15. A. go swimming B. have a picnic C. take photos

听第二篇短文，回答16-20小题。’

( )16. What does the old man do?

A. A reporter. B. A policeman. C. A teacher.

( )17. The old man came back to school __________.

A. to listen to a talk. B. to have lessons. C. to give a talk.

( )18. The policeman studied in this school when he was __________.

A. 50 B.10 C. 20

( )19. The children were __________ before.

A. as good as B. as happy as C. much happier than

( )20. We can know that __________.

A. the short boy liked the talk very much

B. all the children liked the talk

C. the short boy didn’t like studying his lessons

二、单项选择(共15小题，每小题1分，计15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入句中空白处的最佳答案。

( )21. It is ________ amazing thing that the little dog can play ______ piano very well.

A. an, \ B. a, a C. an, the D. \, the

( )22. — Excuse me ,where is the nearest supermarket?

—Walk along the road, turn left_____ the first crossing and then you'll see it____ your right.

A. at; on B. on; at C. in; on D. at; in

( )23. It’s not good for our health to sleep _______ all the windows ________.

A. by, closed B. by, open C. with, closed D. keep, closed

( )24. —Why are you in such a hurry, Mike?

—There_______ a friendly basketball match in ten minute s.

A. is going to have B. will have

C. will be D. are going to

( )25. — Did you_______ your grandparents last month?

— No. They didn't go to school when they were young. So they can't read or write.

A. heard of B. hear of C. heard from D. hear from

( )26. Tom is too short the leaves on the tree.

A. to reaching B. to reach C. reaching D. not to reach

( )27. There is a bookshop on_______ side of the street.

A. others B. other C. another D. the other

( )28.—Did you hear the news about the fire in our building?

—Yes. It took the firemen two hours to_______ the fire.

A. put out B. put up C. put down D. put off

( )29. —Our school basketball team won the match.

—_______ exciting news!

A. What B. How a C. What an D. How

( )30. —Daniel, remember to turn of f the lights before leaving the classroom.

—________.

A. Yes, please B. It's hard to say C. OK, I will D. It's my job

( )31. —Shall we go camping this weeken d ?

—_______. I will see my grandparents in my hometown.

A. I think so B. I'm afraid so C. I'd like to D. I'm afraid not

( ) 32. Please don’t put ________ into the rubbish bin because it’s very dangerous.

A. something hot B. anything hot

C. hot something D. hot anything

( )33. —Could I speak to Helen, please?

—Sorry, she is not here at the moment._______?

A. Who speaks B. Who are you

C. Who's that speaking D. What's that speaking

( ) 34. — Excuse me! You can't take photos here. Look at the sign. It says "NO PHOTOS".

— Sorry, I_______ it.

A. didn't see B. am going to see C. won't see D. don't see

( )35. —Could you teach me how to search the information on the Internet ?

—_______.

A. You are welcome B. No problem C. Thank you D. Never mind

三、完形填空 (共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)

Mr Black loved his daughter Helen very much. Every day he spent all of his free time 36 with her. One night, he had much work to do, 37 he couldn't play with his daughter. In order to (为了) keep her 38 , he found a map of the world in a magazine and cut it into pieces. When he 39 home. Helen came running to him and was ready to play. Mr Black said he had 40 time to play now. He told the girl to put the pieces of paper back together to make a map of the world. and then they could both play.

After half an hour later, Helen came to her father and said: "Okay, it's finished. Can we play now?" Mr Black was very 41 , "That's impossible. Let's go and see." And sure enough, there was the picture of the world. All put together, every 42 in its right place.

"That's surprising!" Mr Black said, " 43 did you do that?"

"It was 44 ." Helen said. "On the back of the page was a picture of a 45 .When I put the man together, the whole world fell into place."

( )36. A. working B. running C. playing D. walking

( )37. A. so B. because C. but D. or

( )38. A. cold B. warm C. free D. busy

( )39. A. left B. got C. ran D. passed

( )40. A. no B. enough C. much D. some

( )41. A. funny B. gentle C. weak D. surprised

( )42.A. map B. picture C. piece D . page

( )43.A. How B. Why C. When D. Where

( )44.A. hard B. easy C. difficult D. different

( )45. A. boy B. girl C. man D. woman

四、阅读理解 ( 计40)

A. 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。(共10小题，每小题2分，计20分)

Basketball match: Changchun vs Shenyang

Day: Saturday

Time: in the morning (10:00)

Place: Changchun Stadium

Telephone: 70504266 Film: Superman

Day: Saturday

Time: in the afternoon and in the evening (15:00-17:00;18:00-20:00)

Price: adult 16 yuan; child half price

Telephone: 62603941

Swimming lesson

Day: Thursday

Time: in the morning

Place: Great Swimming Pool

Telephone:58796324 Concert (音乐会)

Day: Wednesday

Time: in the morning (10:30-12:00)

Place: People Theatre

Price: 35 yuan

Telephone: 99687241

( ) 46. Where is the swimming lesson?

A. Changchun Stadium. B. Great Swimming Pool.

C. People Theatre. D. Great Garden.

( ) 47. When is the concert?

A. On Thursday (18:00-20:00). B. On Saturday (10:00).

C. On Saturday (15:00-17:00). D. On Wednesday (10:30-12:00)

( ) 48. If you want to ask something about the basketball match, you can call ____________.

A. 62603941 B. 70504266 C. 58796324 D. 99687241

( ) 49. On Saturday, you can______________.

A. watch the basketball match and have the swimming lesson

B. see the film Superman and go to the concert

C. have the swimming lesson and go t o the concert

D. watch the basketball match and see the film Superman

( ) 50. Two adults and one child will spend ___________ seeing the film Superman.

A. 87.5 yuan B. 8 yuan C. 40 yuan D. 16 yuan

What do you usually do in your fr ee time? Play sports? Watch TV? How about reading books? You must know the Chinese saying: "Read thousands of books; travel thousands of miles" .Books are important in our life. Reading books is good for us. It can help us know and understand the world better. It can help us get a lot of knowledge(知识). It brings us a new and different world that we have never been before. Almost all the great men like reading, like Chairman Mao and Madame Curie.

In a word, books are treasure(财宝) and we must love them. But before you read, remember to choose a good one. Ask your parents or teachers about what books to read. Be sure you are interested in them. There are many different kinds of books. I like biography(传记) because I can learn something from the characters(人物).

What about you? Young friends. Please love books and read them. They are very helpful to you.

( ) 51. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Madame Curie doesn't like reading at all.

B. We shouldn't ask teachers about what books to read.

C. Reading books can give us little knowledge.

D. We have to choose a good book before we start to read.

( )52. What does the underlined part "Read thousands of books; travel thousands of miles." mean in Chinese?

A.读书百遍，其义自见 B. 读万卷书，行万里路

C.滚石不生苔 D.读数千本书就能行数千里路

( )53. Reading books can help people_________.

A. to get more sleep B. to know little about themselves

C. to get money from others D. to understand the world better

( ) 54. What kind of books does the writer like?

A. Story-books. B. Comic books. C. Bi ography. D. Novels

( ) 55. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Only reading books can make people succeed.

B. Chairman Mao likes reading very much.

C. Books are helpful to human.

D. Young people should read more books.

第II卷 (非选择题, 共55分)

友情提醒：请同学们将第II卷答案做到答题纸上

B. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一词。(共10小题，每小题1分，计10分)

What can you do to keep healthy? Perhaps for children, healthy eating is one of the most important things. Here are some ideas about how to eat healthily.

Having breakfast

A good breakfast is very important to children. It’s necessary to have it in the morning. But some children don’t have breakfast, just because they want to sleep a little longer. Remember that a good breakfast will help you study better.

Having milk

“My dream is that all the Chinese children can get half a kilogram of milk a day.” The Chinese Premier(总理)Wen Jiabao said this during his visit to a milk farm. Milk is also very important to children’s health. It makes children grow stronger. It’s better for you to drink a glass of warm milk before you go to bed. That will help you have a good sleep.

Having healthy food

Having healthy food is the most important. That means eating lots of different kinds of food, especially fruits and vegetables. Don’t eat too much chocolate or ice-cream. Some of you eat fast food, but in fact it is not good for your health. Try to eat healthy food as much as possible.

Have healthy eating habits(习惯), and you will have a strong body.

56 about how to eat healthily

Having breakfast It’s important to have a 57 breakfast in the morning.

We can’t go to school 58 breakfast.

A good breakfast will help us study 59 .

Having milk Drinking milk m 60 children grow stronger.

It’s better for us to drink milk before 61 to bed.

That will help us sleep 62 .

Having 63 food Fast food is b 64 for our health.

65 to eat healthy food as much as possible.

56. ___________57. ___________ 58. ___________ 59. ___________ 60. ___________

61.____________62. ___________63. ___________ 64. _________ __ 65. ___________

C. 读短文回答问题。(前三个问题的答案不超过3个词)(共5小题，计10分)

I’m going to the sun on my holiday. I will go there by spaceship.

I will take a big blue spaceship. Then I’ll take the spaceship to the sun. The sun is very hot. So I put on the super shirt. In the morning, I will have some sun burgers for my breakfast. At eight o’clock, I will play with my friends there. They are a super dog and a super girl. The super dog is white and black. The super girl is very clever. The super girl and the super dog like to play with me. So I play with them for an hour and a half. Then I will do my homework on a small blue table. After finishing my homework, I will have my lunch. I will eat sun salad. I will have red juice, red fish and red rice. All things are red. Then I need a lot of water because the sun is too hot. Then I will walk to the spaceship. After that I will take the spaceship to the earth.

This is a good holiday on the sun.

66. How will he go to the sun on his holiday?

67. What will he have for his breakfast?

68. What colour is the super dog?

69. Why does he need a lot of water?

70. What do you think of his holiday?

五、词汇运用(共20小题,每小题1分，满分20分)

A. 根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。

71. (相信)it or not, I did the work on my own.

72. We are getting ready for my little brother’s ________ (九)birthday.

73. Taiwan is in the __________ (东南) of China.

74. The rabbit ran quickly _________ (穿过) the garden.

75. Weifang became_______ (著名的)for making kites.

B.用所给词的适当形式完成句子。

76. An old friend of _________ (I) came to visit me last weekend.

77. When I passed by the river, I saw someone _________ (lie) on the floor.

78. We are looking forward to (get) presents at Christmas.

79. He fell off the bike yesterday and _________ (hurt) himself.

80. Stop ________ (talk)! Listen to the teacher carefully!

C.首字母填空。

Cinderella(灰姑娘)was a p 81 but poor girl. Her stepmother(继母) treated her very badly. She made her do all of the h 82 day and night. She didn’t tell her father about the sad thing because she loved her father and didn’t want him to w 83 about her.

One day, a prince (王子) in the country i 84 all the young girls to his birthday party. But she only had dirty and old c 85 , so she cried and cried. Suddenly a fairy(仙女)came and helped her go to the party. However, the fairy told her that she had to come back b 86 12 o’clock. During the dancing party, she and the prince danced together very well.

When the bell rang at 12 o’clock, she went b 87 home very quickly but l 88 one glass shoe in the palace. Then the prince took the glass shoe and asked from door to door around the country to l 89 for the girl who wore it. At last, he found Cinderella and m arried(娶) her. They lived a h_ 90 life ever after.

81.___________82._______ ___83.__________ 84.___________ 85.____________

86.___________87.__________88.__________ 89.___________ 90.____________

六、书面表达(共15分)

请以My best friend为题写一篇作文。要点如下，可适当发挥，80词左右。要点：

1. Amy是我最好的朋友，也是我的邻居。她住在我家隔壁。

2. 她很聪明，学习也很用功。各门功课都很优秀，对中国的历史很了解，也擅长于写作。

3. 经常参加一些户外活动，像骑马、野营之类的。

4. 很善良也很乐于助人，是援手俱乐部的一名成员。经常在公交车上给有需要的人让座;上周，在她回家的路上，一个八岁的小男孩迷路了，帮助他找到了他的父母。

My best friend

七年级下册英语期末考试试卷答案

听力部分(20分)

1—5 BACBA 6—10BABCB 11—15 BCBAC 16—20 BCBCC

笔试部分(100分)

一、单项选择(15分)

21—25 CACCD 26—30 BDAAC 31—35 DBCAB

二、完形填空(10分)

36—40 CADBA 41—45 DCABC

三、阅读理解 (30分)

A. 46—50 BDBDC 51—55 DBDCA

B. 56.Ideas 57. good 58. without 59. better 60. makes

61. going 62. well 63. healthy 64. bad 65. Try

C、问答题(每小题2分，计10分)

66. By spaceship.

67. Some sun burgers.

68. White and black.

69. Because the sun is too hot.

70. It’s good/great/…….

四、词汇(20分)

A. 71.Believe 72.ninth 73. south-east 74.through 75. famous

B. 76.mine 77.lying 78.getting 79.hurt 80.talking

C. 81.pretty 82.housework 83.worry 84.invited 85.clothes

86.before 87.back 88.lost 89.look 90.happy

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