人教版七年级上册数学期中试卷

人教版七年级上册数学期中试卷是一份全面考察学生数学知识和能力的试题。

1、这份试卷涵盖了七年级上册数学的多个知识点，包括整数、有理数、代数式、方程式、几何图形等。

2、通过这份试卷的考试，学生可以全面了解自己掌握数学知识的情况，发现自己的不足之处，并及时进行调整和补充。这份试卷也是教师对学生学习成果的一次检验，可以为教师提供针对性的教学建议和措施。

3、在这份试卷中，不仅考察了学生对基础知识的掌握，也注重考察学生的数学思维和解决问题的能力。4、例如，试卷中的应用题需要学生将数学知识与实际生活场景相结合，通过分析和解决问题，展现自己的数学应用能力。

5、人教版七年级上册数学期中试卷是一份非常重要的试题，它可以帮助学生和教师全面了解数学学习的情况和成果，促进教学的改进和提高。学生应该认真备考，掌握数学知识，提高自己的数学思维和解决问题的能力，为今后的数学学习打下坚实的基础。

七年级英语上册期末试卷含答案,英语试卷

考 网为大家整理的《七年级英语上册期末试卷含答案》，供大家学习参考！

一. 读一读，猜一猜：根据首字母提示完成单词（5分）。

1. Brad can play basketball. He wants to j__________ the basketball club.

2. F____________ is the second month of a year.

3. Jack Chen is Mike’s f_____________ movie star. Mike likes his movies best.

4. The runners are very strong. Because they eat a lot of h__________ food.

5. We want to play tennis after school. But we don’t have tennis r____________.

二. 看一看，做一做：单项选择（15分）。

( )1. Look at these ___________. Victor has ____________ aunt and two uncles.

A. photos, a B. photos, an C. photos, the

( )2. Can you _____________ jiaozi __________ English?

A. say, with B. speak, in C. say, in

( )3. Where __________ she ___________ from?

A. does, come B. is , come C. does, comes

( )4. How ____________ did you pay?

A. much yuan B. many yuan C. much yuans

( )5. Her mother is ___________. She ____________ a car now.

A. a driver, drive B. driver, drives C. a driver, is driving

( )6. Do you want __________ with me?

A. go shopping B. to go shop C. to go shopping

( )7. ---___________? ---Yes, please.

A. How are you B. Can I help you C. What can you do for me

( )8. Miss White is a good teacher. She usually _________.

A. helps me to English B. help me learn English C. helps me with my English.

( )9. Maria likes documentaries _______ cartoon, ______ she doesn’t like thrillers.

A. and , and B. and, but C. but, but

( )10. Do you need shoes______ sports? We have lots of shoes ________ very good prices.

A. for, at B. for, with C. at, with

( )11. Katrina often has French _______, tomatoes, chicken__________ dinner.

A. fry, for B. fries, for C. frys, at

( )12. Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good.

A. playing, is B. play, sounds C. play, is sound

( )13. Peter often _________ my textbook ________ home.

A. takes, to B. brings, \ C. takes, \

( )14. The man is David Johnson. Johnson is his ____ name and David is his ______ name.

A. family, first B. first, family C. first, last

( )15. Does Mary like documentaries?__________________.

A. Yes, she doesn’t. B. No, she does. C. Yes, she does.

( )1. Where is her pen pal from? A. At 4.P.m.

( )2. May I have a look at your ticket? B. She’s swimming.

( )3. When is your birthday? C. No, I don’t. It’s hard for me.

( )4. What’s his phone number? D. Zhou Runfa

( )5. What color is your box? E. It’s 243-0876.

( )6. Who’s your favorite film star? F. Sure. Here it is.

( )7. Can you play the piano? G. No, I can’t.

( )8. Do you like playing chess? H. He’s from the UK.

( )9. What time does it close on Sunday? I. It’s blue and yellow.

( )10. What is Lucy doing in the river? J. December 4th

四. 看一看，找一找：改错题，下列句中均有一处错误，找出来并改正在横线上（5分）。

1. Her’s favorite sport is tennis. _____________

2. Miss Tian singing a new song. _____________

3. My father usually go to work at 7:30. _____________

4. Are this your brother, John? _____________

5. Math is me favorite subject. _____________

五. 读一读，排一排：给以下句子编号，组成一段意义完整的对话（5分）。

（ ）Why do you like P.E.?

( 1 ) What’s your favorite subject?

( ) How many P.E. classes do you have in a week?

( ) Do you like him?

( ) My favorite subject is P.E.

( ) It’s exciting and relaxing.

( ) I have two in a week.

( ) Who’s your P.E. Teacher?

( ) Mr. Li is.

( ) Yes, he’s friendly, but he’s very strict.

六. 完形填空。(10分)

I ____(1) Li Lei. This ______(2) a ruler. ______(3) is ______(4) ruler. I spell _______(5), R-U-L-E-R. That is _______ (6) eraser. It’s _______(7). I _______(8) spell it. _____(9) do you spell it, Do you know? _______(10), I don’t know.

( )1. A. is B. am C. are D. do

( )2. A. is B. am C. are D. do

( )3. A. This B. That C. It D. One

( )4. A. your B. his C. her D. my

( )5. A. it B. one C. her D. me

( )6. A. your B. my C. an D. a

( )7. A. your B. my C. his D. her

( )8. A. do B. don’t C. isn’t D. am not

( )9. A. How B. What C. What’s D. How are

( )10. A. OK B. Not C. Thank you D. Sorry

（A）

（a）阅读对话，然后根据对话的内容从供选择的答案中选出问题的答案。（4分） A: Hello!

B: Hi, is that Paul? This is Nick, your new classmate.

A: Hi, Nick! Where are you?

B: At home. There’s a new movie at the Capital Cinema. Do you Know?

A: Yes, I do. Do you like going to movies?

B: Yes, very much. I usually go to movies with my parents on Sunday.

A: What kind of movies do you like?

B: Action movies. How about you?

A: I don’t often go to movies. I like watching TV or VCD at home.

B: That’s different from seeing the movie at the cinema. Let’s go to the movie this evening, OK?

A: Sorry, I’m going to a concert with my mother this evening. What about tomorrow afternoon?

B: OK. See you after lunch tomorrow.

A: Bye-bye.

( )1. Who is B?

A. Nick, Paul’s new classmate. B. Paul, Nick’s new classmate.

( )2. What does Paul like?

A. Going to movies. B. Watching TV or VCD at home

( )3. Paul and Nick are going to ________.

A. the new movie this evening B. a concert this evening

C. the new movie tomorrow D. have lunch at the cinema

( )4. Where are they talking about the movies?

A. At Nick’s home. B. At Paul’s home. C. At the cinema. D. On the phone. (b). 阅读下面的短文并完成ID卡。（6分）

Nick is my pen pal. He is 12 years old. He is from Canada. He lives in Ottawa. He speaks English and French. His favorite subject is science. He likes Chinese, too. And he says he can speak a little Chinese, but he can’t write in Chinese. Nick likes sports, too. He likes swimming best. He goes swimming on weekends with his father. He says he can swim very well. He doesn’t like Physics. He thinks it too difficult.

Nick has a big family. There are eight people in his family, his grandpa, grandma, father, mother and his brothers and sisters. He has two brothers and two sisters. They are Bob, Tim, Jane and Susan. They are happy!

Name: ________________

Age: ______ From: ______________________

Language(s): _______________________

Favorite subject(s): ____________________

Favorite sport(s): _________________________

（B）

Bill 正在向大家介绍他家的新客厅，你能根据他的介绍，把所给物品的图片放在适当的位置

上吗？（把物品下方的字母写在图中相应的位置里）（6分）

（C）

阅读Emily给好朋友Joy的一封信。根据信的内容，从7~10小题所给的三个选项中，选择正确答案。（4分）

（ ）7. What is Emily talking about in her letter?

A. Joy’s birthday party. B. Emily’s birthday party.

C. Uncle Paolo’s birthday party?

（ ）8. Where are they going to have the party?

A. In Central Park. B. Near History Museum. C. At Uncle Paolo’s restaurant.

（ ）9. What can they do from 6 : 30 to 7 : 45? They can ________.

A. go to a concert B. eat and talk C. go to the museum

（ ）10. What time does the party start? It starts at about ________.

A. 6 : 30 B. 7 : 45 C. 8 : 00

（D）

Xiao Ming

想要参加学校社团组织。他向学生会主席Nancy写了一封自荐信。请你根据他所介绍的情况，完成第11~13小题，把14小题回答完整。（每小题1分，共4分）

Dear Nancy,

My name is Xiao Ming. I want to be in a club in our school. I’m not famous now. But maybe I can be famous someday！I can’t sing or dance or act in movies, but I can do many other things. I can play three instruments: the guitar, the violin and the drums. I think I can be in the music club. Maybe I can be a famous

musician. I like to read story books and I can write stories. Maybe I can be a famous writer. I like sports, too, but I don’t think I can be a famous and successful sports man. Can I join you?

Love

Xiao Ming

（ ）11. What’s the word “instruments” in Chinese? It’s ________.

A. 乐谱 B. 乐器 C. 乐章

（ ）12. What can’t Xiao Ming do? He can’t ________.

A. write stories B. play the violin C. act in movies

（ ）13. Xiao Ming thinks he can be a famous ________ or a famous writer.

A. musician B. actor C. sports man

( ) 14. --What clubs do you think Xiao Ming can join?

--He can join a ___________ club, a ___________ club or a ___________ club.

（E）

读一读我和伙伴们本周末的计划，从15~18每小题所给选项中，选出答案。

（每小题2分，共8分）

I’m going to see a movie with my friends this weekend. We love seeing movies, but e all like different kinds. I like to see thrillers and science fictions, my friend Sam loves action movies and comedies and my best friend, Lee, loves a good romance. Because we like different kinds of movies, it can be difficult to

choose（选择）one to see. So we usually take turns（轮流）to choose the movie. It’s my

turn to choose this weekend, so we’re going to see Harry Potter II, a new movie. It’s number one at the box office, and everyone is saying what a great movie it is. I can’t wait!

（ ）15. How many kinds of movies does the writer talk about in the story?

A. Six. B. Five. C. Four.

（ ）16. Harry Potter II is ________ movie right now.

A. a boring B. a popular C. an action

（ ）17. How do the writer and his friends choose which movie to see?

A. They like different kinds of movies.

B. They let Lee choose which movie to see.

C. They take turns to choose a movie to see.

（ ）18. What is the main idea（中心意思）of the story?

A. Choosing which movie to see can be difficult.

B. It’s a good thing to see movies with friends.

C. Everyone likes the new movie Harry Potter II.

八.书面表达（18分）。

1. 你（Steven）的蓝色背包在操场上丢失，里面有书及各种文具，写一份寻物启事，你的电话：82345066 （9分）

_________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

2. 你想加入京剧社，根据以下表格编一段你与京剧社工作人员的对话 （9分）

First name: Mark

Last name: Smith

Age: 13

Telephone number: 6621-4810

E-mail address: MARKSMITH@HOTMAIL.COM

What can you do? Sing, dance, Chinese Kung Fu

Why do you want to join the club? To learn a lot about Chinese history;

interesting

Clerk: Hi, can I help you?

Mark: Yes, please. ________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

一. 1. join 2. February 3. favorite 4. healthy 5. racket

二I. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C

三. 1.H 2.F 3.J 4.E 5.I 6.D 7.G 8.C 9.A 10.B

四. 1.Her’s改为Her 2.singing 改为is singing 3.go改为 goes 4.Are改为 Is 5.me

初一第一学期期末考试题

冀教版英语七年级上册期末测试题

第Ⅰ卷 (共85分)

Ⅰ.听力测试(30分)

第一节 听录音，选出你所听到的内容，听一遍。(6分)

1. A. name B. nice C. nine

2. A. 4728569 B. 4728579 C. 48275658

3. A. /æ/ B. /e/ C. /^/

4. A. this B. these C. that

5. A. 8:04 B. 8:14 C. 8:40

6. A. pear B. pen C. paint

第二节 听录音，选出你所听到 句子 的最佳答语，听一遍。(6分)

7. A. I’m 11. B. I’m fine. C. Nice to meet you.

8. A. Her name is Mary. B. His name is Jim. C. My name is Bob.

9. A. It’s a backpack. B. They are backpacks. C. Those are backpacks.

10. A. No, he isn’t. B. Yes, it is. C. Yes, she is.

11. A. Yes, we do. B. Yes, we are. C. Yes, we can.

12. A. Cakes. B. Hamburgers. C. Strawberries.

第三节 短文理解(18分)

A)判断正误：根据所听到的短文，判断句子的正(A)误(B)，听两遍。

13. David is a nice boy.

14. He has a great clothes colletction.

15. He often plays the guitar after school.

16. He doesn’t like apples.

B)听短文：选择正确的答案，听两遍。

17. Jack Smith is a _________.

A. teacher B. musician C. doctor

18. Jack Smith has _________.

A. two sons B. two daughters C. a son and a daughter

19. How old is Gina?

A. 14 B. 15 C. 16

20. Tom and Gina can _________.

A. sing B. play the guitar C. speak Chinese

21. Do they like Chinese movies?

A. Yes, they do. B. No, they don’t. C. I don’t know.

Ⅱ.单项选择(每小题1分，共15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

22. This is _________ old car, and that is _________ new car.

A. a; a B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the

23. _________ is my friend. _________ name is Tom.

A. She; Her B. Her; She C. He; His D. His; He

24. —What color are the socks?

—_________ yellow and brown.

A. They’re B. Them C. It’s D. It

25. —_________ is the bag?

—It’s 7 dollars.

A. How many B. How much C. How old D. What color

26. Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手).

A. good; good B. well; well C. good; well D. well; good

27. I go to bed _________ 10 _________ the evening.

A. at; on B. at; in C. at; at D. in; /

28. —Does Tom _________ any soccer balls?

—Yes, he _________ some.

A. have; have B. has; has C. have; has D. has; have

29. When _________ your friend _________ his homework every day?

A. does; do B. do; does C. does; does D. do; do

30. Do you like _________ books in the morning?

A. looking B. look C. reading D. read

31. —When is your birthday?

—My birthday is _________.

A. in January nineth B. in January ninth

C. on January nineth D. on January ninth

32. —Can you play the guitar?

—No, I _________, but I _________ play the violin.

A. can; can B. can’t; can’t C. can’t; can D. can; can’t

33. Miss White is a good teacher. She usually _________.

A. helps me to English B. help me learn English

C. help me with my English D. helps me with English

34. —_________! Where is my jacket?

—_________, I don’t know.

A. Excuse me; Yes B. Excuse; Sorry C. Excuse me; Sorry D. Yes; Sorry

35. —Let’s _________ basketball.

—_________ great.

A. playing; Sounds B. play; Sounds

C. play; Sound D. plays; Sound

36. I think thrillers are interesting, _________ you don’t like them.

A. but B. and C. so D. because

Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)

根据短文内容，在短文后面的四个选项中选择一个可以填入相应空格内的正确答案。

This is my 37 . 38 do you like it? I like it very much. It’s bright and clean. 39 the walls you can see a map of China and some paintings. Many students can paint. We have a 40 soccer in our classroom, 41 you can’t see it. It’s under the 42 desk. I can play it well.

At school the teachers and students are always(总是) wearing(穿) school clothes. Our

teachers are very friendly. We have our lesson 43 eight o’clock in the morning to four o’clock in the afternoon. After class we 44 playing games. We can also join different kinds of 45 . For example(例如), I want to join the chess club.

I’m on duty this morning. I help my teacher 46 many preparing(准备的) things.

It’s time for class. I tell my teacher everyone is here and we are all ready for the class.

37. A. family B. classroom C. friend D. bedroom

38. A. What B. How C. Who D. Where

39. A. On B. For C. In D. Under

40. A. old B. new C. our D. American

41. A. and B. or C. so D. but

42. A. teachers B. teachers’ C. teacher D. teachers’s

43. A. at B. in C. from D. after

44. A. can B. are like C. like D. would like

45. A. club B. clubs C. work D. works

46. A. for B. with C. to D. doing

Ⅳ.阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分)

Betty is an American girl. She is thirteen. She is in Beijing with her parents. She doesn’t know much Chinese. She can’t speak Chinese well. Sometimes her friends don’t understand(理解) her. It’s Sunday morning. She’s going to the zoo to see the pandas(熊猫). She’s waiting at the bus stop. At the bus stop she asks a Chinese boy how to go to the zoo. But the boy can’t understand her. Then she takes out a pen and some paper. She draws a panda on it and shows the picture to the boy. The boy smiles and then shows her the way to the zoo.

47. Betty is in Beijing with her _________.

A. brother B. sister C. mother D. father and mother

48. She can speak _________ Chinese.

A. much B. little C. any D. not

49. She is going to the zoo _________.

A. by bike B. by bus C. by train D. on foot

50. She’s going to the zoo to _________.

A. see her friends B. see tigers C. see monkeys D. see pandas

51. The boy _________.

A. shows her the way to the zoo B. doesn’t know the way

C. goes to the zoo with her D. gives a map to her

There is an old man in a house. In the house there are many mice(老鼠). The old man has a cat. Every day the cat catches(捉) mice and eats them. An old mouse(老鼠) says, “All mice must come to my room this evening. We must think a way of doing about the cat.” All the mice come. Many mice speak, but they don’t know what to do. At last a young mouse stands up and says, “We must put a bell on the cat. When the cat comes near, we’ll hear the bell and run away. So the cat can’t catch us.” “Who can put the bell on the cat?” asks the old mouse. But no mouse answers.

52. The old man has _________.

A. a cat B. a dog C. a son D. a daughter

53. Every day the cat kills(杀死) many _________.

A. fish B. mouse C. mice D. people

54. _________ says, “When the cat comes near, we’ll hear the bell and run away.”

A. The old mouse B. The old man

C. The young mouse D. The young man

55. All the mice come to the _________.

A. old man’s house B. old mouse’s room

C. cat’s room D. young mouse’s room

56. Which sentence is right?

A. Every day the cat can’t catch mice.

B. The old man catches all the mice.

C. Many mice know what to do.

D. None of mouse can put the bell on the cat.

I usually get up late(晚) on Saturdays and Sundays. I have my breakfast at around nine

o’clock. I like eggs and an apple for breakfast. I often go to see my uncles after breakfast. They’re very fun. Uncle Jim is a runner. He runs for eight hours every day. I like to run with him because it’s really interesting. But I often run with him for only one hour. I’m usually very tired after that. Uncle Bob is a movie star. He’s really busy. It’s very difficult for me to see him on weekends. Uncle Bill is an English teacher. I like him, and I like English, too.

57. When do I have breakfast on weekends?

A. At eight. B. In the afternoon C. At around nine. D. At around seven.

58. Uncle Bob is _________.

A. a runner B. a clerk C. strict D. busy

59. I often _________ on Saturdays and Sundays.

A. get up at six B. play soccer C. watch TV D. go to see my uncles

60. Who is a teacher?

A. My father. B. My mother. C. Uncle Bill. D. Aunt Lily.

61. I like _________ for breakfast.

A. eggs and apples B. eggs and milk C. milk and apples D. bread and milk

第Ⅱ卷 (共35分)

Ⅴ.词汇。根据提示写出单词，完成句子。(每题1分，共5分)

62. I like thrillers, but I don’t like ______________(纪录片).

63. My ______________['feivәrit] fruit is apples.

64. He ______________(需要) a new book.

65. A 1st is my birthday.(首字母已给出)

66. That is her ______________(妈妈).

Ⅵ.句型转换，每空一词。(每空1分，共10分)

67. His name is Li Hua.(同义句)

___________ ___________ Li Hua.

68. My parents are at home.(对划线部分提问)

___________ ___________ your parents?

69. We can speak a little English.(改为一般疑问句)

___________ ___________ speak a little English?

70. Thanks for your letter.(改为同义句)

___________ ___________ for your letter.

71. Jim goes to the movies on weekends. (改为否定句)

Jim ___________ ___________ to the movies on weekends.

Ⅶ.口语运用。(5分)

从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。

Tom：Lin Tao, 72

Lin Tao：Well, 73 so I get up at a quarter to seven. I never go to school late.

Tom：Do you have breakfast at home?

Lin Tao：Yes. 74

Tom：And when do you go to school?

Lin Tao：Class begins(开始) at eight o’clock, so I go to school at seven forty-five, 75

Tom： 76

Lin Tao：I leave(离开) school at five past five and I get home at a quarter past five.

Ⅷ.短文填词。(每空1分，共10分)

My sister is a successful musician. She can p 77 the guitar, the violin a 78 the piano. She can also sing and dance. Do you want t 79 know about her? Let me tell you about her weekdays.

On Monday she goes to play the guitar w 80 her friends. They play it for the kids. They think it is v 81 interesting.

On Tuesday, she finds a j 82 in a school. She is a good music teacher. O 83 Wednesday and T 84 she goes to Beijing to learn art. She thinks a 85 is really relaxing. She likes to paint and she wants to d 86 nice pictures. Then she goes to play the violin with her partners(搭档) in a TV show.

Ⅸ.书面表达。(共5分)

根据下列表格信息，写一篇征文介绍你的朋友。

要求表达准确，意思连贯，字数30—50左右。

姓 名 李 华

年 龄 12

学 校 No. 10 Middle School

爱 好 打 篮球 ，画画，弹吉它

最喜欢的科目 数学和英语

听力录音原稿

第一节 听录音，选出你所听到的内容，听一遍。(6分)

1. nice

2. 4728579

3. /e/

4. these

5. 8:14

6. pear

第二节 听录音，选出你所听到的句子的最佳答语，听一遍。(6分)

7. How are you?

8. What’s her name?

9. What’re those?

10. Is she your cousin?

11. Can you speak English?

12. What’s your favourite fruit?

第三节 短文理解。(18分)

A)判断正误：根据你所听到的短文，判断句子的正(A)误(B)，听两遍。

David is a nice boy. He is 12 years old. He has a great book collection. He has science books, art books, music books and so on. He likes sports, too. He often goes to play basketball after school. He likes apples and ice cream. He eats two apples every day.

B)听短文，选择正确的答案，听两遍。

I am Jack Smith. I am a teacher. I have a son and a daughter. My son’s name is Tom. He is 13. My daughter’s name is Gina. She is 15. They are students. They can speak Chinese. They have Chinese on Monday and Friday. They think it is very interesting. They also like Chinese food and Chinese movies. They like China.

冀教版英语七年级上期末测试题参考答案

听力：

1—6 BBCBBA 7—12 BABCCC 13—16 ABBB 17—21 ACBCA

单选：

22—26 BCABD 27—31 BCACD 32—36 CDCBA

完形：

37—41 BBABD 42—46 BCCBB

阅读：

47—51 DBBDA 52—56 ACCBD 57—61 CDDCA

词汇：

1.documentaries 2.favorite 3.needs 4.April/August 5.mother/mom

句型转换：

1.He is 2.Where are 3.Can you 4.Thank you 5.doesn’t go

口语运用：

EDGFC

短文填词：

1.play 2.and 3.to 4.with 5.very

6.job 7.On 8.Thursday 9.art 10.draw

书面表达：

(略)

冀教版英语七年级上期末测试题相关 文章 ：

1. 冀教版七年级上册英语期末质量检测题

2. 七年级英语上册期末模拟试题

3. 七年级第一学期英语期末测试题

4. 冀教版英语七年级上教案

5. 七年级英语下学期期末模拟试题冀教版

初一上册数学全套试卷

这篇人教版七年级数学上册全册同步测试题及答案参考的文章，是 特地为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助！

第一章 有理数

1.1 正数和负数

基础检测

1. 中，正数有 ，负数有 。

2.如果水位升高5m时水位变化记作+5m，那么水位下降3m时水位变化记作 m，水位不升不降时水位变化记作 m。

3.在同一个问题中，分别用正数与负数表示的量具有 的意义。

4.2010年我国全年平均降水量比上年减少24㎜.2009年比上年增长8㎜.2008年比上年减少20㎜。用正数和负数表示这三年我国全年平均降水量比上年的增长量。

拓展提高

5.下列说法正确的是（ ）

A.零是正数不是负数 B.零既不是正数也不是负数

C.零既是正数也是负数 D.不是正数的数一定是负数，不是负数的数一定是正数

6.向东行进-30米表示的意义是（ ）

A.向东行进30米 B.向东行进-30米

C.向西行进30米 D.向西行进-30米

7.甲、乙两人同时从A地出发，如果向南走48m,记作+48m，则乙向北走32m，记为 这时甲乙两人相距 m.

8.某种药品的说明书上标明保存温度是（20±2）℃，由此可知在 ℃至 ℃范围内保存才合适。

9.如果把一个物体向右移动5m记作移动-5m，那么这个物体又移动+5m是什么意思？这时物体离它两次移动前的位置多远？

1.2.1有理数测试

基础检测

1、_____、______和______统称为整数；_____和_____统称为分数；______、______、______、______和______统称为有理数； ______和______统称为非负数；______和______统称为非正数；______和______统称为非正整数；______和______统称为非负整数.

2、下列不是正有理数的是（ ）

A、-3.14 B、0 C、 D、3

3、既是分数又是正数的是（ ）

A、+2 B、- C、0 D、2.3

拓展提高

4、下列说法正确的是（ ）

A、正数、0、负数统称为有理数 B、分数和整数统称为有理数

C、正有理数、负有理 数统称为有理数 D 、以上都不对

5、-a一定是（ ）

A、正数 B、负数 C、正数或负数 D、正数或零或负数

6、下列说法中，错误的有（ ）

① 是负分数；②1.5不是整数；③非负有理数不包括0； ④整数和分数统称为有理数；⑤0是最小的有理数；⑥-1是最小的负整数。

A、1个 B、2个 C、3个 D 、4个

7、把下列各数分别填入相应的大括号内：

自然数集合｛ …｝；

整数集合｛ …｝；

正分数集合｛ …｝；

非正数集合｛ …｝；

8、简答题：

（1）-1和0之间还有负数吗？如有，请列举。

（2）-3和-1之间有负整数吗？-2和2之间有哪些整数？

（3）有比-1大的负整数吗？有比1小的正整数吗？

（4）写出三个大于-105小于-100的有理数。

1.2.2数轴

基础检测

1、 画出数轴并表示出下列有理数：

2、 在数轴上表示-4的点位于原点的 边，与原点的距离

是 个单位长度。

3、 比较大小，在横线上填入“＞”、“＜”或“=”。

1 0；0 -1；-1 -2；-5 -3；-2.5 2.5.

拓展提高

4.数轴上与原点距离是5的点有 个，表示的数是 。

5.已知x是整数，并且-3＜x＜4，那么在数轴上表示x的所有可能的数 值有 。

6.在数轴上，点A、B分别表示-5和2，则线段AB的长度是 。

7.从数轴上表示-1的点出发，向左移动 两个单位长度到点B，则点B表示的数是 ，再向右移动两个单位长度到达点C,则点C表示的数是 。

8.数轴上的点A表示-3，将点A先向右移动7个单位长度，再向左移动5个单位长度，那么终点到原点的距离是 个单位长度。

1.2.3相反数

基础检测

1、-（+5）表示 的相反数，即-（+5）= ；

-（-5）表示 的相反数，即-（-5）= 。

2、-2的相反数是 ； 的相反数是 ； 0的相反数是 。

3、化简下列各数：

-（-68）= -（+0.75）= -（- ）=

-（+3.8）= +（-3）= +（+6）=

4、下列说法中正确的是（ ）

A、正数和负数互为相反数 B、任何一个数的相反数都与它本身不相同

C、任何一个数都有它的相反数 D、数轴上原点两旁的两个点表示的数互为相反数

拓展提高：

5、-（-3）的相反数是 。

6、已知数轴上A、 B表示的数互为相反数，并且两点间的距离是6， 点A在点B的左边，则点A、B表示的数分别是 。

7、已知a与b互为相反数，b与c互为相反数，且c=-6,则a= 。

8、一个数a的相反数是非负数，那么这个数a与0的大小关系是

a 0.

9、数轴上A点表示-3，B、C两点表示的数互为相反数，且点B到点A的距离是2，则点C表示的数应该是 。

10、下列结论正确的有（ ）

①任何数都不等于它的相反数；②符号相反的数互为相反数；③表示互为相反数的两个数的点到原点的距离相等；④若有理数a,b互为相反数，那么a+b=0；⑤若有理数a,b互为相反数，则它们一定异号。

A 、2个 B、3个 C、4个 D、5个

11、如果a=-a，那么表示a的点在数轴上的什么位置？

1.2.4 绝对值

基础检测：

1．－8的绝对值是 ，记做 。

2．绝对值等于5的数有 。

3．若 ︱a︱= a , 则 a 。

4． 的绝对值是2004，0的绝对值是 。

5一个数的绝对值是指在 上表示这个数的点

到 的距离。

6． 如果 x ＜ y ＜ 0, 那么︱x ︱ ︱y︱。

7．︱x － 1 ︱ =3 ，则 x　＝　　　　　　　　。

8．若 ︱x+3︱+︱y －4︱= 0，则 x + y = 。

9．有理数a ，b在数轴上的位置如图所示，则a b,

︱a︱ ︱b︱。

10．︱x ︱＜л，则整数x = 。

11．已知︱x︱－︱y︱=2，且y =－4，则 x = 。

12．已知︱x︱=2 ，︱y︱=3，则x +y = 。

13．已知 ︱x +1 ︱与 ︱y －2︱互为相反数，则︱x ︱+︱y︱= 。

14.　式子︱x +1 ︱的最小值是 ，这时，x值为 。

15.　下列说法错误的是 （ ）

A 一个正数的绝对值一定是正数

B 一个负数的绝对值一定是正数

C 任何数的绝对值一定是正数

D 任何数的绝对值都不是负数

16．下列说法错误的个数是 （ ）

（1） 绝对值是它本身的数有两个，是0和1

（2） 任何有理数的绝对值都不是负数

（3） 一个有理数的绝对值必为正数

（4） 绝对值等于相反数的数一定是非负数

A 3 B 2 C 1 D 0

17．设a是最小的正整数，b是的负整数，c是绝对值最小的有理数，则 a + b + c 等于 （ ）

A －1 B 0 C 1 D 2

拓展提高：

18．如果a ， b互为相反数，c, d 互为倒数，m 的绝对值为2，求式子

+ m －cd 的值。

19．某司机在东西路上开车接送乘客，他早晨从A地出发，（去向东的方向正方向），到晚上送走最后一位客人为止，他一天行驶的的里程记录如下（单位：㎞）

+10 ，— 5， —15 ，+ 30 ，—20 ，—16 ，+ 14

（1） 若该车每百公里耗油 3 L ，则这车今天共耗油 多少升？

（2） 据记录的情况，你能否知道该车送完最后一个乘客是，他在A地的什么方向？距A地多远？

20．工厂生产的乒乓球超过标准重量的克数记作正数，低于标准重量的克数记作负数，现对5个 乒乓球称重情况如下表所示，分析下表，根据绝对值的定义判断哪个球的重量最接近标准？

代号 A B C D E

超标情况 0.01 －0.02 －0.01 0.04 －0.03

1.3.1有理数的加法

基础检测

1、 计算：

（1）15＋（－22） （2）（－13）＋（－8） （3）（－0.9）＋1.51

2、计算：

（1）23＋（－17）＋6＋（－22）

（2）（－2）＋3＋1＋（－3）＋2＋（－4）

3、计算：

（1）

（2）

拓展提高

4.（1）绝对值小于4的所有整数的和是________；

（ 2）绝对值大于2且小于5的所有负整数的和是________。

5.若 ，则 ________。

6.已知 且a＞b＞c，求a＋b＋c的值。

7.若1＜a＜3，求 的值。

8.计算：

9.计算：

（＋1）＋（－2）＋（＋3）＋（－4）＋…＋（＋99）＋（－100）

10.10袋大米，以每袋50千克为准：超过的千克数记作正数，不足的千克数记作负数，称重的记录如下：＋0.5，＋0.3，0，－0.2，－0.3，＋1.1，－0.7，－0.2，＋0.6，＋0.7.

10袋大米共超重或不足多少千克？总重量是多少千克？

1.3.2有理数的减法

基础检测

1、（1）（－3）－________=1 （2）________－7=－2

2、计算：

（1） （2）

（3） （4）

3、下列运算中 正确的是（ ）

A、

B、

C、

D、

4、计算：

（1） （2）

（3）

拓展提高

5、下列各式可以写成a－b＋c的是（ ）

A、a－(＋b)－(＋c) B、a－(＋b)－(－c)

C、a＋(－b)＋(－c) D、a＋(－b)－(＋c)

6、若 则 ________。

7、若x＜0，则 等于（ ）

A、－x B、0 C、2x D、－2x

8、下列结论不正确的是（ ）

A、若a＞0，b＜0，则a－b＞0 B、若a＜0，b＞0，则a－b＜0

C、若a＜0，b＜0，则a－(－ b)＞0

D、若a＜0，b＜0，且 ，则a－b＞0.

9、红星队在4场足球赛中的成绩是：第一场3：1胜，第二场2：3负，第三场0：0平，第四场2：5负。红星队在4场比赛中总的净胜球数是多少？

10、一个病人每天下午需要测量一次血压，下表是该病人周一至周五高压变化情况，该病人上个周日的高压为160单位。

星期 一 二 三 四 五

高压的变化

（与前一天比较） 升25单位 降15单位 升13单位 升15单位 降20单位

（1） 该病人哪一天的血压？哪一天血压最低？

（2） 与上周比，本周五的血压是升了还是降了？

1.4.1有理数乘法

基础检测

1、填空：

（1）-7的倒数是＿＿，它的相反数是＿＿，它的绝对值是＿＿＿；

（2） 的倒数是＿＿＿，-2.5的倒数是＿＿＿；

（3）倒数等于它本身的有理数是＿＿＿。

2、计算：

（1） ； （2）(-6)×5× ；

（3）（-4）×7×（-1）×（-0.25）；（4）

3、一个有理数与其相反数的积（ ）

A、符号必定为正 B、符号必定为负

C、一定不大于零 D、一定不小 于零

4、下列说法错误的是（ ）

A、任何有理数都有倒数 B、互为倒数的两个数的积为 1

C、互为倒数的两个数同号 D、1和-1互为负倒数

拓展提高

5、 的倒数的相反数是＿＿＿。

6、已知两个有理数a,b，如果ab＜0，且a+b＜0，那么（ ）

A、a＞0，b＞0 B、a＜0，b＞0 C、a,b异号 D、a,b异号，且负数的绝对值较大

7、已知 求 的值。

8、若a,b互为相反数，c,d互为倒数，m的绝对值是1，求 的值。

数学七年级上册沪科版答案

【答案】： 1．解：(1)利用等式的基本性质1，方程两边同时减去3，5x+3-3=7-3，即5x=4．

(2)利用等式的基本性质2，方程两边同时乘-1/8，-8x×（-1/8）=4×（-1/8），即x=-1/2．

(3)利用等式的基本性质2，方程两边同时除以-5，-5a÷（-5）=-5b÷(-5)，即a=b．

(4)利用等式的基本性质1，方程两边同时减去2x，3x -2x=2x+1-2x，即x=1.

(5)利用等式的基本性质3．

(6)利用等式的基本性质4．

2．解：(1)方程两边同时加上7，得5x=15，方程两边同时除以5，得x=3．检验：把 =3代人原方程的两边，左边=5×3-7=8，右边=8，即左边=右边，所以x=3是原方程的解．

(2)方程两边同时减去7，得4x=27-7，即4x=20.方程两边同时除以4，得x=5．检验：把x=5代入原方程的两边，右边=7+4×5=27，左边=27，即左边=右边，所以x=5是原方程的解．

(3)方程两边同时乘6，得3=2x-1.方程两边同时加上1，得4= 2x.方程两边同时除以2，得x=2．检验：把x=2代入原方程的两边，右边=1/3×2-1/6=2/3-1/6=4/6-1/6=3/6=1/2，左边=1/2，即左边=右边，所以x=2是原方程的解．

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