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虚拟语气经典习题
1. If I had had enough time, I my work.
A. would finish
B. must have finished
C. would have finished
D. had finished
2. Ten minutes earlier, they the plane.
A. will catch
B. would catch
C. would have caught
D. will have caught
3. Mr. Green requires that the students a composition every other week.
A. write
B. written
C. would write
D. will write
4. Had he studied hard, he the exam.
A. would pass
B. could pass
C. had passed
D. would have passed
5. I wish I what is happening there in his room.
A. know
B. known
C. knew
D. should know
6. It is important that you sports every day.
A. have
B. would have
C. must have
D. will have
7. If there were no water in the world, everything .
A. will die
B. would die
C. would have died
D. would have been dead
8. What was going to happen ,I would never have left her alone.
A. Had I known
B. If I know
C. If I knew
D. If had I known
9. He ordered that the work
A. should finish
B. finished
C. would be finished
D. be finished .
10. — Shall we go to the movie tonight?
— No, I’d rather at home with our baby. You’d better not leave it to the babysitter at night.
A. you stayed
B. you stay
C. stayed
D. stay
11 . in your position, I would help him.
A. Was I
B. Were I
C. If I am
D. If I had been
12. I , but I was stopped by the heavy rain.
A. mean to come
B. meant to come
C. had meant to come
D. meant coming
13. Mrs. Black insists in that old hotel.
A. not to stay
B. not staying
C. staying not
D. that he not stay
14. If you had spoken clearly, you would .
A. understand it
B. have understood
C. be understood
D. have been understood
15. If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.
A. haven’t watched
B. hadn’t watched
C. didn’t watch
D. wouldn’t have watched
16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he a Chinese. A. is
B. be
C. should be
D. were
17. — If he , he that food.
— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take
B. would be warned; had not take
C. had been warned; would not have taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
18. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology achieved.
A. will not be
B. would not be
C. would not have been
D. cannot have been
19．There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn’t have hurried
B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry
D. needn’t have hurried
答案D。needn’t have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn’t have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn’t have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。
20. We had hoped that he ____ longer．
A. stays
B. have stayed
C.stayed
D. would stay
解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think， expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气
21."Mary wants to see you today"．
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today．"
A.comes
B.came
C.should come
D.will come
解析：该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。
22.Had she been older， she ____ it better．
A.had done
B.might have done
C.might do
D.would do
解析：Had she been older ＝ If she had been old．故该题正确答案为B。
A.should finish
B.finished
C.would be finished
D.be finished
别忘了加分 1.c 第一句是过去式，虚拟语气用在过去，就只能用过去完成时，would have done,后面是ask to do是邀请某人做某事。
2.a 如果你能对你的狗好一点，它也将会好好对你，表示一般的虚拟，没有能不能一说，所以不用could，前面只能用would，后面用过去式。
3.a 对过去的虚拟，如果他过去能够多练习他就能够赢，可是实际上他没有多联系。
4.d 昨天我正要去呢，但是一个意外的拜访者来看我了。B不能用would,would表示将来，这是昨天的事.b怎么改都不对，这里的be going to不是表将来，而是表示“正要”的这个动作。
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
[解题过程]
虚拟语气的用法
1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey!
祝愿你旅途愉快！
You go out！
你出去！
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气， 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我们有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她这样做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。
虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在，过去和将来。
与现在事实相反的：
条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。
与过去事实相反的：
条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你，我就买了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。
有关虚拟语气的几个问题：
1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if，而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青点， 她就会干的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。
2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。
I could help you.
我本来可以帮助你。
If I had time.
我要有时间该多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她应该来参加聚会。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的钱就能...。
3) 虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。 虚拟语气练习题精选
1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.
A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for
3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.
A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone
4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set
5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /
6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.
A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being
7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.
A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be
11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
12. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved
13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would B. should have C. may D. have
14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.
A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were
15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.
A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch
17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?”
--- “No, but I wish I _____”
A. have B. will C. do D. had
18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .
A. I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed
19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”
--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”
A. I’m deciding B. I’ll decide C. I decided D. I decide
20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow
21. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lost D. don’t lose
22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.
A. may not make B. might not make
C. shouldn’t have made D. might not have made
23. We _____ the work on time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished B. didn’t have finished
C. couldn’t have finished D. can’t have finished
24. --- “Where have you been?”
--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”
A. I would be here B. I have been here
C. I had been here D. I would have been here
25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.
A. were B. had been C. are D. should be
Key: 1-5. CAABB 6-10. BCBCB
11-15. CAABDB 16—20. CDCCA 21-25. ADCDC
英语语法经典例题之虚拟语气
1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”
【 #英语资源# 导语】情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气。和 一起看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？
1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。
2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。
3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。
4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。
5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。
6．__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。
7．We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。
8．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。
9．—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨……。
10．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：
1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。
3．修饰was drunk用副词。
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。
6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
单句改错
1．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can 句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。
2．We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。
3．It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can 句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。
4．But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。
5．He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.
答案与解析：去掉had or前的句子不是虚拟条件句。
英语虚拟语气习题:（Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't
答案：C
考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气
解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做
Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy
答案：A.
考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。
解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态
If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 答案：C
考点：考查虚拟语气。
解析：根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，
故选C项。
John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
答案：D.
. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
答案：选B
解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式
If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
答案：B.
解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词
形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，
选B。
Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)
答案：(should) be discussed
考点：虚拟语气
解析：“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 “should”（可省略）加动词原形，
主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论”。
--The weather has been very hot and dry.
--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die
C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
答案：D
Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .
A．would have been saved B．had been saved
C．will be saved D．was saved
答案： A
But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
答案B
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
答案 C
This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
答案 B
虚拟语气经典习题
1. If I had had enough time, I my work.
A. would finish
B. must have finished
C. would have finished
D. had finished
2. Ten minutes earlier, they the plane.
A. will catch
B. would catch
C. would have caught
D. will have caught
3. Mr. Green requires that the students a composition every other week.
A. write
B. written
C. would write
D. will write
4. Had he studied hard, he the exam.
A. would pass
B. could pass
C. had passed
D. would have passed
5. I wish I what is happening there in his room.
A. know
B. known
C. knew
D. should know
6. It is important that you sports every day.
A. have
B. would have
C. must have
D. will have
7. If there were no water in the world, everything .
A. will die
B. would die
C. would have died
D. would have been dead
8. What was going to happen ,I would never have left her alone.
A. Had I known
B. If I know
C. If I knew
D. If had I known
9. He ordered that the work
A. should finish
B. finished
C. would be finished
D. be finished .
10. — Shall we go to the movie tonight?
— No, I’d rather at home with our baby. You’d better not leave it to the babysitter at night.
A. you stayed
B. you stay
C. stayed
D. stay
11 . in your position, I would help him.
A. Was I
B. Were I
C. If I am
D. If I had been
12. I , but I was stopped by the heavy rain.
A. mean to come
B. meant to come
C. had meant to come
D. meant coming
13. Mrs. Black insists in that old hotel.
A. not to stay
B. not staying
C. staying not
D. that he not stay
14. If you had spoken clearly, you would .
A. understand it
B. have understood
C. be understood
D. have been understood
15. If you that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.
A. haven’t watched
B. hadn’t watched
C. didn’t watch
D. wouldn’t have watched
16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he a Chinese. A. is
B. be
C. should be
D. were
17. — If he , he that food.
— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take
B. would be warned; had not take
C. had been warned; would not have taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
18. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology achieved.
A. will not be
B. would not be
C. would not have been
D. cannot have been
19．There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn’t have hurried
B. couldn’t have hurried
C. must not hurry
D. needn’t have hurried
答案D。needn’t have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn’t have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn’t have done, "不可能已经"。 must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。
20. We had hoped that he ____ longer．
A. stays
B. have stayed
C.stayed
D. would stay
解析：该题正确答案为D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think， expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气
21."Mary wants to see you today"．
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today．"
A.comes
B.came
C.should come
D.will come
解析：该题正确答案为B。would rather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。
22.Had she been older， she ____ it better．
A.had done
B.might have done
C.might do
D.would do
解析：Had she been older ＝ If she had been old．故该题正确答案为B。
A.should finish
B.finished
C.would be finished
D.be finished
别忘了加分 1.c 第一句是过去式，虚拟语气用在过去，就只能用过去完成时，would have done,后面是ask to do是邀请某人做某事。
2.a 如果你能对你的狗好一点，它也将会好好对你，表示一般的虚拟，没有能不能一说，所以不用could，前面只能用would，后面用过去式。
3.a 对过去的虚拟，如果他过去能够多练习他就能够赢，可是实际上他没有多联系。
4.d 昨天我正要去呢，但是一个意外的拜访者来看我了。B不能用would,would表示将来，这是昨天的事.b怎么改都不对，这里的be going to不是表将来，而是表示“正要”的这个动作。
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测， 建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
[解题过程]
虚拟语气的用法
1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey!
祝愿你旅途愉快！
You go out！
你出去！
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气， 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我们有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她这样做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。
虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在，过去和将来。
与现在事实相反的：
条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。
与过去事实相反的：
条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你，我就买了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。
有关虚拟语气的几个问题：
1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if，而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青点， 她就会干的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。
2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。
I could help you.
我本来可以帮助你。
If I had time.
我要有时间该多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她应该来参加聚会。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的钱就能...。
3) 虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。 虚拟语气练习题精选
1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished
2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.
A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for
3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.
A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone
4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.
A. did; set B. had done; should be set
C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set
5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .
A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; /
6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.
A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being
7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.
A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be
11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
12. Should it rain, the crops _____ .
A. would be saved B. would have been saved
C. will be saved D. had been saved
13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.
A. would B. should have C. may D. have
14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.
A. I am B. I would be C. I was D. I were
15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.
A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.
A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to catch
17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?”
--- “No, but I wish I _____”
A. have B. will C. do D. had
18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____ .
A. I may have failed B. I’d fail C. I’d have failed D. I’ll have failed
19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”
--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”
A. I’m deciding B. I’ll decide C. I decided D. I decide
20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?
A. should snow B. would snow C. snow D. will snow
21. If only I _____ my watch!
A. hadn’t lost B. haven’t lost C. didn’t lost D. don’t lose
22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.
A. may not make B. might not make
C. shouldn’t have made D. might not have made
23. We _____ the work on time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished B. didn’t have finished
C. couldn’t have finished D. can’t have finished
24. --- “Where have you been?”
--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”
A. I would be here B. I have been here
C. I had been here D. I would have been here
25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.
A. were B. had been C. are D. should be
Key: 1-5. CAABB 6-10. BCBCB
11-15. CAABDB 16—20. CDCCA 21-25. ADCDC
英语语法经典例题之虚拟语气
1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.” “It’s time you _____.”
【 #英语资源# 导语】情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气。和 一起看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？
1．The only thing that I__could__do was that I wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。
2．Since you have such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。
3．It has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。
4．Now I__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些照片。I would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”。
5．Anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“Bai Fumei”or“Gao Fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。
6．__Were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...。此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填Were。
7．We would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。
8．It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I__had_done__(do) it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。
9．—What a slow bus this is!
—Yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨……。
10．I still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to Disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。
Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．
Two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3. heavily__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.
__6. Had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7. hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8. families__(family) were destroyed.
I wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：
1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。
3．修饰was drunk用副词。
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。
6．根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
单句改错
1．Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can 句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。
2．We must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。
3．It is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can 句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。
4．But for the rain，we should have a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：have后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should have done结构。
5．He had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or I would have known nothing about it.
答案与解析：去掉had or前的句子不是虚拟条件句。
英语虚拟语气习题:（Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't
答案：C
考点：本题考查的是虚拟语气
解析：此处表示和过去事实相反的情况，应该用should + have + 过去分词。本来应该做，而未做
Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he-_______
A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy. D. will be busy
答案：A.
考点：本题考查虚拟语气与时态。
解析：前句表示对过去的虚拟，而but之后表示过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时态
If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 答案：C
考点：考查虚拟语气。
解析：根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，
故选C项。
John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told
答案：D.
. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
答案：选B
解析：would rather后应用虚拟语气，表示与现在时间相反，用动词的过去式
If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken
答案：B.
解析：考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语，根据主句的谓语动词
形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反，故所填部分用had+过去分词形式，
选B。
Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)
答案：(should) be discussed
考点：虚拟语气
解析：“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 “should”（可省略）加动词原形，
主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论”。
--The weather has been very hot and dry.
--Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die B. didn't die
C. hadn't died D. wouldn't have died
答案：D
Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .
A．would have been saved B．had been saved
C．will be saved D．was saved
答案： A
But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won
答案B
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
答案 C
This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
答案 B
